{"id":104,"date":"2019-12-09T18:58:07","date_gmt":"2019-12-09T18:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/?page_id=104"},"modified":"2019-12-17T16:54:39","modified_gmt":"2019-12-17T16:54:39","slug":"religion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/religion\/","title":{"rendered":"Religion"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"left: 0; width: 100%; height: 0; position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; padding-top: 35px;\"><iframe title=\"Father, Son, and Holy Spirit\" src=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/view\/CjvMEeOa44QqqRbXxxrb\/embed\" style=\"border: 0; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute;\" allowfullscreen scrolling=\"no\" allow=\"encrypted-media\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\t\t\t<section id=\"cd-timeline\" class=\"cd-container timeline-express\">\n\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1753 announcement-240\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-is-born-west-africa\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#f40202;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Phillis Wheatley is Born\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tPhillis Wheatley is Born\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1753\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/philliswheatleytitlepage-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Phillis Wheatley is Born\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Phillis Wheatley was born in West Africa (current day Senegal or the Gambia).\u00a0 Wheatley&#8217;s birthday is unknown, however, it is believed that she was born in 1753.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-is-born-west-africa\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block september 01 1773 announcement-251\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-publishes-poems-on-various-subjects-religious-and-moral\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#ff0000;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-expand\" title=\"Phillis Wheatley Publishes &#8220;Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral&#8221;\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tPhillis Wheatley Publishes &#8220;Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral&#8221;\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 1, 1773\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/tlc0395-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Phillis Wheatley Publishes &#8220;Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral&#8221;\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Click \u201cPresent\u201d to read more about the role religion played in Phillis Wheatley&#8217;s writing and life. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-publishes-poems-on-various-subjects-religious-and-moral\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block october 01 1773 announcement-279\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-is-empanicated\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#ff0000;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Phillis Wheatley is Empanicated\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tPhillis Wheatley is Empanicated\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tOctober 1, 1773\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/af227daf9a3337272c289c0d1d78dd92-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Phillis Wheatley is Empanicated\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Shortly after Wheatley&#8217;s first book was published in England, titled &#8220;Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral,&#8221; Wheatley was emancipated. The date of her emancipation is unknown but it is believed to be in 1773.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-is-empanicated\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block april 19 1775 announcement-136\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/american-revolutionary-war-begins\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"American Revolutionary War Begins\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAmerican Revolutionary War Begins\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tApril 19, 1775\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/American-Revoltionary-War-Beginning-220x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"American Revolutionary War Begins\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Britain&#8217;s thirteen colonies in North America declare independence from the empire, sparking a seven-year war.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/american-revolutionary-war-begins\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block september 03 1783 announcement-139\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/american-revolutionary-war-ends\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"American Revolutionary War Ends\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAmerican Revolutionary War Ends\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 3, 1783\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"280\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/American-Revolutionary-War-Ending-280x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"American Revolutionary War Ends\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>The American Colonists defeat the British, ending the American Revolutionary War, and solidifying the existence of the United States of America.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/american-revolutionary-war-ends\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block december 05 1784 announcement-249\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-dies\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#ff0000;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Phillis Wheatley Dies\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tPhillis Wheatley Dies\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDecember 5, 1784\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Statue-Phillis-Wheatley-Boston-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Phillis Wheatley Dies\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Post emancipation, Wheatley met John Peters and started a family. However, during her liberated years, she faced immense hardship after the arrest of her husband and the decline of her poems sales. In 1784, Wheatley became pregnant and later died due to complications from childbirth. Subsequently, Phillis Wheatley was buried beside her stillborn child in an unmarked grave.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/phillis-wheatley-dies\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1797 announcement-335\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/isabella-baumfree-is-born\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#dd9933;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Isabella Baumfree is Born\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tIsabella Baumfree is Born\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1797\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Sojourner-Truth-1-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Isabella Baumfree is Born\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Though the exact date remains unknown, historians agree that Isabella Baumfree (Sojourner Truth) was born in 1797 in Rifton, New York.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/isabella-baumfree-is-born\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block september 24 1825 announcement-241\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-ellen-watkins-harper-is-born\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#8224e3;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Is Born\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tFrances Ellen Watkins Harper Is Born\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 24, 1825\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-2-1-219x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Is Born\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Frances Ellen Watkins Harper was born free in Baltimore, Maryland in 1825.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-ellen-watkins-harper-is-born\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block june 01 1843 announcement-299\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/isabella-baumfree-becomes-sojourner-truth\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#dd9933;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-expand\" title=\"Isabella Baumfree Becomes Sojourner Truth\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tIsabella Baumfree Becomes Sojourner Truth\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJune 1, 1843\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Sojourner-Truth-Timeline-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Isabella Baumfree Becomes Sojourner Truth\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>In 1843, Isabella Baumfree officially changed her name to Sojourner Truth and began her journey to becoming a symbol in history.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/isabella-baumfree-becomes-sojourner-truth\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1846 announcement-318\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-e-w-harper-publishes-forest-leaves\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#8224e3;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Frances E. W. Harper Publishes Forest Leaves\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tFrances E. W. Harper Publishes Forest Leaves\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1846\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"243\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-10-243x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Frances E. W. Harper Publishes Forest Leaves\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Frances Ellen Watkins Harper publishes her first collection of poetry,\u00a0Forest Leaves,\u00a0around 1846.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-e-w-harper-publishes-forest-leaves\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block august 10 1858 announcement-283\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-is-born\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#eeee22;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Anna Julia Cooper Is Born\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAnna Julia Cooper Is Born\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAugust 10, 1858\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-7-180x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Anna Julia Cooper Is Born\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Anna Julia Cooper was born in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1858 to an enslaved mother and her white slaveholder.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-is-born\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block april 12 1861 announcement-112\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/civil-war\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Civil War Begins\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCivil War Begins\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tApril 12, 1861\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-312x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Civil War Begins\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>The Southern Confederate States seceded from the Union in order to preserve various states&#8217; rights, including the right to maintain the institution of slavery.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/civil-war\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block july 16 1862 announcement-375\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells-is-born\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#1e73be;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Ida B. Wells is Born\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tIda B. Wells is Born\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 16, 1862\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Ida-B-Wells-2-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Ida B. Wells is Born\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Ida B. Wells was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi during the Civil War and roughly 6 months before the Emancipation Proclamation.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells-is-born\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1863 announcement-118\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/emancipation-proclamation\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Emancipation Proclamation\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tEmancipation Proclamation\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1863\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"299\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-3-299x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Emancipation Proclamation\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation, abolishing slavery and initiating the Reconstruction Era in the United States.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/emancipation-proclamation\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1863 announcement-115\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/reconstruction-era-begins\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Reconstruction Era Begins\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tReconstruction Era Begins\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1863\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"283\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-2-283x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Reconstruction Era Begins\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>The Reconstruction Era is characterized as the period in which the United States addressed the physical destruction caused by the Civil War, the systemic inequalities that affected newly freed African Americans, and the readmission of the Confederates States to the Union.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/reconstruction-era-begins\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block april 09 1865 announcement-114\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/civil-war-ends\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Civil War Ends\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCivil War Ends\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tApril 9, 1865\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"288\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-1-288x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Civil War Ends\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders to the Union, marking the end of an intense four-year war.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/civil-war-ends\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block march 31 1877 announcement-116\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/reconstruction-era-ends\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#81d742;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Reconstruction Era Ends\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tReconstruction Era Ends\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMarch 31, 1877\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/18770217_A_Truce-Not_a_Compromise-Nast-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Reconstruction Era Ends\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Newly inaugurated Republican President Rutherford B. Hayes recognized Democratic control of the Southern states and withdrew federal troops from the south who were responsible for protecting newly freed African Americans.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/reconstruction-era-ends\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block november 26 1883 announcement-381\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/sojourner-truth-dies\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#dd9933;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Sojourner Truth Dies\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSojourner Truth Dies\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNovember 26, 1883\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Soourner-Truth-Timeline-3-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Sojourner Truth Dies\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>At approximately 86 years old, Sojourner Truth died in Battle Creek, Michigan.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/sojourner-truth-dies\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1884 announcement-345\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-graduates-from-oberlin-college\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#eeee22;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Anna Julia Cooper Graduates From Oberlin College\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAnna Julia Cooper Graduates From Oberlin College\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1884\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-14-225x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Anna Julia Cooper Graduates From Oberlin College\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Anna Julia Cooper graduated from Oberlin College in Ohio in 1884, later earning a Master of Arts in math in 1887.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-graduates-from-oberlin-college\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block january 01 1892 announcement-167\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/iola-leroy-published\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#8224e3;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-expand\" title=\"Iola Leroy Published\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tIola Leroy Published\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJanuary 1, 1892\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"176\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/images-176x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Iola Leroy Published\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Click &#8220;Read More&#8221; for in-depth information.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/iola-leroy-published\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block october 26 1892 announcement-301\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#1e73be;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-expand\" title=\"Southern Horrors Published\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSouthern Horrors Published\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tOctober 26, 1892\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Ida-B.-Wells-Timeline-350x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Southern Horrors Published\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Ida B. Wells begins to publish her most popular text, &#8220;Southern Horrors&#8221;, detailing her extensive research on lynching in the south.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block september 05 1902 announcement-349\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-delivers-the-ethics-of-the-negro-question\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#eeee22;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-expand\" title=\"Anna Julia Cooper Delivers &#8220;The Ethics of the Negro Question&#8221;\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAnna Julia Cooper Delivers &#8220;The Ethics of the Negro Question&#8221;\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 5, 1902\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"336\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-11-336x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Anna Julia Cooper Delivers &#8220;The Ethics of the Negro Question&#8221;\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Click &#8220;Read More&#8221; for in-depth information.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-delivers-the-ethics-of-the-negro-question\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block february 22 1911 announcement-257\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-ellen-watkins-harper-dies\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#8224e3;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Dies\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tFrances Ellen Watkins Harper Dies\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFebruary 22, 1911\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-3-1-240x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Dies\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Frances Ellen Watkins Harper died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1911 at the age of 85.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/frances-ellen-watkins-harper-dies\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block march 25 1931 announcement-377\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells-dies\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#1e73be;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Ida B. Wells Dies\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tIda B. Wells Dies\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMarch 25, 1931\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/Ida-B.-Wells-4-300x120.jpeg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Ida B. Wells Dies\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Ida B. Wells died in Chicago, Illinois from complications related to kidney failure.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/ida-b-wells-dies\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n<div class=\"cd-timeline-block february 27 1964 announcement-286\">\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"cd-timeline-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-dies\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-img cd-picture\" style=\"background:#eeee22;\">\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Custom Action Hook -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<!-- Standard Font Awesome Icon -->\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa fa-exclamation-triangle\" title=\"Anna Julia Cooper Dies\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- cd-timeline-img -->\n\n\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t<!-- Timeline Content -->\n\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Title -->\n\t\t<div class=\"cd-timeline-title-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"cd-timeline-item-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAnna Julia Cooper Dies\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"timeline-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFebruary 27, 1964\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Title -->\n\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"259\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/290\/2019\/12\/download-8-259x120.jpg\" class=\"announcement-banner-image\" alt=\"Anna Julia Cooper Dies\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- Announcement Excerpt -->\n\t\t<div class=\"the-excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Anna Julia Cooper died in Washington D.C. in 1964 at the impressive age of 105.<\/p>\n<a class=\"timeline-express-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/announcement\/anna-julia-cooper-dies\/\"> Read more<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- End Announcement Excerpt -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- End Timeline Content -->\n\n<\/div>\n<!-- End Timeline Block -->\n\n\t\t\t<\/section>\n\n\t\t\t<!-- Timeline Express Free v1.8.1 | Site: https:\/\/www.wp-timelineexpress.com | Author: CodeParrots - http:\/\/www.codeparrots.com -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":898,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-104","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/898"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/104\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-1109-fall-2019\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}