{"id":842,"date":"2019-05-13T22:55:08","date_gmt":"2019-05-13T22:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-2251-spring-2019\/?p=842"},"modified":"2019-05-13T22:56:04","modified_gmt":"2019-05-13T22:56:04","slug":"permanent-error","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-2251-spring-2019\/environment\/south-africa-environment\/permanent-error\/","title":{"rendered":"Permanent Error"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_844\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-844\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-2251-spring-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/256\/2019\/05\/Screen-Shot-2019-04-25-at-1.38.36-PM-e1557787977380.png\" rel=\"lightbox[842]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-844\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-2251-spring-2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/256\/2019\/05\/Screen-Shot-2019-04-25-at-1.38.36-PM-300x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"155\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-844\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Untitled, from the series Permanent Error, Pieter Hugo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pieter Hugo<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">South Africa, b. 1976<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Untitled<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, from the series <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Permanent Error<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">2017<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Photograph<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yossi Milo Gallery<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 15-acre site of the Agbogbloshie Market is located on the west side of the Odaw River in the city of Accra, the capital of Ghana. It is the country\u2019s largest center for e-waste recycling and disposal. Manual disassembly of e-waste parts as well as burning certain plastic or rubber components of computers to collect the copper or aluminum inside of them, which will then be resold. As captured above, this dangerous recycling process is largely done by Ghanaian youths without protection from chemicals leaving them susceptible to a myriad of health complications such as respiratory diseases, lead poisoning, and lung cancer caused by burning emissions. When asked by Hugo about the pit where old devices were burned, the workers at Agbogbloshie repeatedly responded: &#8220;For this place, we have no name.&#8221; In his exhibition, Hugo sets forth images of the apocalyptic reality that our civilization is headed towards if our practices don\u2019t soon change. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yasmeen Wirth \u201822<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Bibliography:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hugo, Pieter. \u201cPieter Hugo.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prix Pictet<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.prixpictet.com\/portfolios\/disorder-shortlist\/pieter-hugo\/statement\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.prixpictet.com\/portfolios\/disorder-shortlist\/pieter-hugo\/statement\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pieter Hugo\u2019s artist statement on a reliable art gallery website, these are his own words on the work that he does as well as it\u2019s intended the message<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hugo, Pieter. \u201cPermanent Error.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">GUP<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gupmagazine.com\/portfolios\/pieter-hugo\/permanent-error\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.gupmagazine.com\/portfolios\/pieter-hugo\/permanent-error<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An online exhibition of Pieter Hugo\u2019s \u201cPermanent Error\u201d exhibition, the website also includes an artist\u2019s statement from Hugo explaining the intended message behind his works. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caravanos, Jack, et al. \u201cAssessing Worker and Environmental Chemical Exposure Risks at an e-Waste Recycling and Disposal Site in Accra, Ghana.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Journal of Health and Pollution<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, vol. 1, no. 1, 2011, pp. 16\u201325., doi:10.5696\/jhp.v1i1.22.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This journal publication outlines some of the chemical repercussions of continuous exposure to the fumes emitted by waste burning at Agbogbloshie. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Feldt, Torsten, et al. \u201cHigh Levels of PAH-Metabolites in Urine of e-Waste Recycling Workers from Agbogbloshie, Ghana.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Science of The Total Environment<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, vol. 466-467, 2014, pp. 369\u2013376., doi:10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.06.097.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A scientific article detailing the impact of a specific metabolite on the inhabitants of communities surrounding the e-waste site, specifically PAH. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pieter Hugo South Africa, b. 1976 Untitled, from the series Permanent Error 2017 Photograph Yossi Milo Gallery The 15-acre site of the Agbogbloshie Market is located on the west side of the Odaw River in the city of Accra, the capital of Ghana. It is the country\u2019s largest center for e-waste recycling and disposal. Manual [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":805,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-842","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-south-africa-environment","7":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Permanent Error - Art &amp; Politics in Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/africana-studies-2251-spring-2019\/environment\/south-africa-environment\/permanent-error\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Permanent Error - Art &amp; Politics in Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pieter Hugo South Africa, b. 1976 Untitled, from the series Permanent Error 2017 Photograph Yossi Milo Gallery The 15-acre site of the Agbogbloshie Market is located on the west side of the Odaw River in the city of Accra, the capital of Ghana. 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