{"id":486,"date":"2023-08-01T12:57:01","date_gmt":"2023-08-01T16:57:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/echoes-of-the-steppe\/?post_type=te_announcements&#038;p=486"},"modified":"2023-08-01T12:57:01","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T16:57:01","slug":"kazakhstan-demonstrates-its-resilience-40-years-of-nuclear-testing-conclude","status":"publish","type":"te_announcements","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/echoes-of-the-steppe\/announcement\/kazakhstan-demonstrates-its-resilience-40-years-of-nuclear-testing-conclude\/","title":{"rendered":"Kazakhstan Demonstrates Its Resilience: 40 Years of Nuclear Testing Conclude"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The last nuclear test conducted at the Semipalatinsk Test Site occurred in November 1989 at Balapan, marking the final chapter of nuclear testing in the area.<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000008080000000000000000_486\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-1\">1<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-1\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"1\">Peter Stegnar and Tony Wrixon, \u201cSemipalatinsk Revisited,\u201d IAEA Bulletin, April 1998, www.iaea.org. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/magazines\/bulletin\/bull40-4\/40405081214.pdf\">Link.<\/a><\/span> After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan gained independence and became the custodian of the site. President Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan officially closed the Semipalatinsk test range on August 29, 1991.<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"2\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000008080000000000000000_486\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-2\">2<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-2\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"2\">\u201cThe Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan,\u201d IAEA, 20 June 2013, iaea.org.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>At present, the Semipalatinsk Test Site facilities fall under the jurisdiction of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This center now engages in civilian activities and endeavors to repurpose the site for non-defense purposes, reflecting the country&#8217;s commitment to peaceful pursuits and the cessation of nuclear testing.<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"3\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000008080000000000000000_486\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-3\">3<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-00000000000008080000000000000000_486-3\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"3\">\u201cSTS History,\u201d National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 12 February 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nnc.kz\">www.nnc.kz<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"template":"","class_list":{"0":"post-486","1":"te_announcements","2":"type-te_announcements","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"announcement_date":"Announcement Date: August 29, 1991","announcement_image":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kazakhstan Demonstrates Its Resilience: 40 Years of Nuclear Testing Conclude - Echoes of the Steppe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/echoes-of-the-steppe\/announcement\/kazakhstan-demonstrates-its-resilience-40-years-of-nuclear-testing-conclude\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kazakhstan Demonstrates Its Resilience: 40 Years of Nuclear Testing Conclude - Echoes of the Steppe\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The last nuclear test conducted at the Semipalatinsk Test Site occurred in November 1989 at Balapan, marking the final chapter of nuclear testing in the area. 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