{"id":19,"date":"2020-02-27T20:45:19","date_gmt":"2020-02-27T20:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020\/?page_id=19"},"modified":"2020-05-15T18:11:32","modified_gmt":"2020-05-15T22:11:32","slug":"references","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/references\/","title":{"rendered":"References"},"content":{"rendered":"

Literature:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alejo, L. A., & Lara, J. (2018, August 16). Commentary: Ethnic studies should be a high school requirement.\u00a0<\/span>EdSoruce.\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/edsource.org\/2018\/ethnic-studies-should-be-a-high-school-requirement\/601244<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Alinsky, S. D. (1971).\u00a0<\/span>Rules for radicals: A practical primer for realistic radicals<\/span><\/i>. New York: Vintage <\/span>Books.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anderson, M. (2016, March 08). The Academic Benefits of Ethnic Studies.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The Atlantic<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2016\/03\/the-ongoing-battle-over-ethnic-studies\/472422\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Borg, L. (2016, January 20). ‘Our history matters’: Providence students rally for ethnic studies curriculum.\u00a0<\/span>The Providence Journ<\/span><\/i>a<\/span><\/i>l<\/span><\/i>. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.providencejournal.com\/article\/20160120\/NEWS\/160129906<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Citywide Youth Coalition (<\/span>n.d<\/span>).\u00a0<\/span>About.\u00a0<\/span>Citywide Youth Coalition<\/span><\/i>. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.cwyc.org\/about<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Diaz, D. (2020, January 06). History of Ethnic Studies Timeline \u2013 Ethnic Studies K-12 \u2013 XChange.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>UCLA Center X<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/centerx.gseis.ucla.edu\/xchange\/ethnic-studies-k-12\/historical-timeline-for-ethnic-studies\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Donald, B. (2016, April 07). Stanford study suggests academic benefits to ethnic studies courses.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Stanford<\/span><\/i>\u00a0New<\/span><\/i>s<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/news.stanford.edu\/2016\/01\/12\/ethnic-studies-benefits-011216\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Duncan, A. (2018, May 25). Education: The “Great Equalizer”.\u00a0<\/span>Britannica<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Education-The-Great-Equalizer-2119678<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Elm City-UROC (<\/span>n.d<\/span>). About.\u00a0<\/span>Elm City-UROC<\/span><\/i>. Retrieved<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>from\u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/justmoves.nationbuilder.com\/#<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Freire, P., & Horton, M. (1990). W<\/span>e Make the Road by Walking: Conversation on Education and Social Change<\/span><\/i>\u00a0(B. Bell, J.\u00a0<\/span>Gaventa<\/span>, & J. Peters, Eds.).\u00a0<\/span>Philadephia<\/span>, PA: Temple University Press.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Gellman, L. (2019, March 07). Students\u00a0<\/span>To<\/span>\u00a0Legislature: It’s Time\u00a0<\/span>To<\/span>\u00a0Undo Racism.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Greater<\/span><\/i>\u00a0New Haven Arts Council<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.newhavenarts.org\/arts-paper\/articles\/students-to-leg-its-time-to-undo-racism<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hill, H. C. (2020, March 6). Culturally Responsive Teaching is Promising. But There\u2019<\/span>s a Pressing Need for More Research.\u00a0<\/span>Education Week<\/span><\/i>, 39(26), 17. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.edweek.org\/ew\/articles\/2020\/03\/09\/culturally-responsive-teaching-is-promising-but-theres.html<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kai-Hwa Wang, F. (2016, September 14). California Governor Signs Bill to Develop High School Ethnic Studies Curriculum.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>NBC News<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/asian-america\/california-governor-signs-bill-develop-high-school-ethnic-studies-curriculum-n648396<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mata, M. (2012, July 31). Tucson’s Mexican American Studies Program Is Revived.\u00a0<\/span>News Taco<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/newstaco.com\/2012\/07\/31\/tucsons-mexican-american-studies-program-is-revived-has-new-focus\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Megan, K. (2019, May 23). House endorses bill requiring courses on black, Latino history.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The Connecticut News Project.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/ctmirror.org\/2019\/05\/22\/house-endorses-bill-requiring-courses-on-black-latino-history\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Megan, K. (2019, September 09). Small gains on state test, but troubling achievement gap persists.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>The Connecticut News Project<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/ctmirror.org\/2019\/09\/09\/small-gains-on-state-test-but-troubling-achievement-gap-persists\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mueller, C. (2004). Ella Baker and the Origins of \u201cParticipatory Democracy\u201d. In J. Bobo & C. Hudley & C. Michel (Eds.), The Black Studies Reader (pp. 79-90). Retrieved from uijhttps:\/\/ebookcentral.proquest.com\/lib\/bowdoin-ebooks\/reader.action?docID=198588<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Watson, S. (2008, February 13). How Public Schools Work.<\/span> How Stuff Works<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved<\/span>\u00a0from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/people.howstuffworks.com\/public-schools1.htm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

National Education Association. (2019, August 05). Community Campaign Key to Passage of Bill Requiring Ethnic Studies Curriculum in CT High Schools.\u00a0National Education Justice<\/i>. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/neaedjustice.org\/2019\/08\/05\/community-campaign-key-to-passage-of-bill-requiring-ethnic-studies-curriculum-in-ct-high-schools\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Paul, C. A. (2016).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Social Welfare History\u00a0<\/span><\/i>Project<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>http:\/\/socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu\/programs\/education\/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Powell, A. (2007, October 11). How Sputnik changed U.S. education.\u00a0<\/span>The Harvard Gazette<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2007\/10\/how-sputnik-changed-u-s-education\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Students for Educational Justice [Students for Educational Justice]. (<\/span>2020, January 6). 2019 Students for Educational Justice Video<\/span>\u00a0[Video].\u00a0<\/span>Vimeo<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/vimeo.com\/383129755<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tabio, N. (2019, November 18). New Haven improves on state exams, still lags.\u00a0<\/span>Yale Daily News<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/yaledailynews.com\/blog\/2019\/11\/18\/new-haven-improves-on-state-exams-still-lags\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U.S. Census Bureau (<\/span>2020<\/span>).\u00a0<\/span>QuickFacts: New Heaven City, Connecticut<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0United States Census Bureau<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.census.gov\/quickfacts\/newhavencityconnecticut<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U.S Department of Education. (n.d.). New Haven Public Schools.\u00a0<\/span>United States Department of\u00a0<\/span><\/i>Education<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span>Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.ed.gov\/labor-management-collaboration\/conference\/new-haven-public-schools<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Media:<\/strong><\/p>\n

AP Images. (1966).\u00a0Saul Alinsky on Chicago’s south side, where he organized the Woodlawn area to battle slum conditions [Photograph]. Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/billmoyers.com\/content\/who-is-saul-alinsky\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

AP Images. (1968).\u00a0A Black Students Union leader addresses a crowd of demonstrators in December 1968\u00a0[Photograph]. Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/codeswitch\/2019\/03\/21\/704930088\/the-student-strike-that-changed-higher-ed-forever<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Biography.com (n.d). Ella Baker. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.biography.com\/activist\/ella-baker<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

California Faculty Association. (2016). Protest for AB 2016 [Photograph].\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.calfac.org\/post\/cfa-sends-letter-support-ethnic-studies-public-schools<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Citywide Youth Coalition. (<\/span>n.d<\/span>).\u00a0Citywide Youth Coalition activists on the steps of New Haven City Hall rallying for sanctuary schools. Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.cfgnh.org\/articles\/leaders-of-today<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ethnic Studies Now. (<\/span>n.d<\/span>).\u00a0<\/span>Ethnic<\/span>\u00a0Studies Now Logo. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/www.ethnicstudiesnow.com\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Franklin, R. D. (2016). Activists for Ethnic Studies. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2016\/03\/the-ongoing-battle-over-ethnic-studies\/472422\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Gellman, L. (2019). Student Activists. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.newhavenarts.org\/arts-paper\/articles\/students-to-leg-its-time-to-undo-racism<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jackson, Reagan. (2017).\u00a0More than 50 students, parents, and teachers came to a Seattle Public Schools board meeting to advocate for Ethnic Studies becoming a mandatory part of the district\u2019s K-12 curriculum. Retrieved from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.seattleglobalist.com\/2017\/03\/17\/students-tell-seattle-school-board-ethnic-studies-needed\/63585<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Johnson, L. (2017). Ethnic Studies [Digital Image]. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/ed\/2017\/08\/13\/541814668\/ethnic-studies-a-movement-born-of-a-ban<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lindsay, L. (2019).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Benie<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>N’Sumbu<\/span>, a senior at Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School in New Haven and a member of Students for Educational Justice, was one of dozens of students who testified in support of H.B. 7802 in March 2019. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.wnpr.org\/post\/bill-require-african-american-and-latino-studies-high-school-passes-conn-house<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Megan, K. (2019).\u00a0Rep. Bobby Gibson, left, a key sponsor of the bill, Rep. Anthony Nolan and Rep. Charlie Stallworth celebrate its passage. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/ctmirror.org\/2019\/05\/22\/house-endorses-bill-requiring-courses-on-black-latino-history\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

NAVIGATE MN\/Unidos MN Education Fund. (2019). Ethnic Studies [Digital Image]. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/www.navigatemn.org\/2019\/10\/14\/our-history-our-schools\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P<\/span>aulo Freire Freedom School. (<\/span>1990). Paulo<\/span>\u00a0Freire and Myles Horton [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.paulofreireschool.org\/about\/Myles\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Literature: Alejo, L. A., & Lara, J. (2018, August 16). Commentary: Ethnic studies should be a high school requirement.\u00a0EdSoruce.\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/edsource.org\/2018\/ethnic-studies-should-be-a-high-school-requirement\/601244\u00a0 Alinsky, S. D. (1971).\u00a0Rules for radicals: A practical primer for realistic radicals. New York: Vintage Books. Anderson, M. (2016, March 08). The Academic Benefits of Ethnic Studies.\u00a0The Atlantic.\u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2016\/03\/the-ongoing-battle-over-ethnic-studies\/472422\/\u00a0 Borg, L. (2016, January 20). ‘Our […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1015-spring-2020-efernand\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}