{"id":117,"date":"2022-03-15T14:12:15","date_gmt":"2022-03-15T18:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/?page_id=117"},"modified":"2022-05-10T00:11:11","modified_gmt":"2022-05-10T04:11:11","slug":"new-mexico","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/state\/new-mexico\/","title":{"rendered":"New Mexico"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: left\">Linguo Ren&#8217;s Education Project<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/92\/Seal_of_New_Mexico.svg\/1200px-Seal_of_New_Mexico.svg.png\" alt=\"Seal of New Mexico - Wikipedia\" width=\"413\" height=\"418\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg\/1200px-Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg.png\" alt=\"New Mexico - Wikipedia\" width=\"316\" height=\"210\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" style=\"font-family: 'Inter var', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif;letter-spacing: -0.015em\" src=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/PNG-6.3-NM-PED-LOGO.png\" alt=\"New Mexico Public Education Department\" width=\"609\" height=\"232\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>The New Mexico Public Education Department partners with educators, communities, and families to ensure that ALL students are healthy, secure in their identity, and holistically prepared for college, career, and life. Students in New Mexico are engaged in a culturally and linguistically responsive educational system that meets the social, emotional, and academic needs of ALL students.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 &#8211; New Mexico Public Education Department<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Total Public School Student population<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center\">318,608 students (Silva, 2021)<\/h6>\n<h4><strong>Total State Public Education Budget &amp; <\/strong><b>Average Per Pupil Expenditure\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/b>(Hanson, 2022)<\/h4>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left\">New Mexico K-12 schools spend $9,987 per pupil for a total of $3.33 billion each year. New Mexico K-12 schools rank 40th in spending and 38th in funding.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/educationdata.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/1365\/public-k-12-spending-per-student.png\" alt=\"National Map: Public K-12 Spending Per Student, by state\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">New Mexico K-12 schools receive $540.1 million or $1,619 per student from the federal government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>State funding:\u00a0 $2.76 billion or $8,276 per pupil.<\/li>\n<li>Local funding totals $734.9 million or $2,203 per pupil.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Expenditures are equivalent to 3.62% of taxpayer income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Federal education funding is equivalent to 0.59% of the state\u2019s taxpayer income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">State and local funding is equivalent to 3.80% of New Mexico\u2019s taxpayer income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Federal education funding is equivalent to 0.59% of the state\u2019s taxpayer income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Funding for K-12 education in New Mexico totals $4.04 billion or $12,099 per pupil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The difference between spending and funding is $704.5 million or $2,112 per pupil.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Per Pupil Expenditure\u00a0<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wallethub.com\/edu\/e\/most-least-equitable-school-districts-in-new-mexico\/77110\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1120\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM-300x192.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM-1024x656.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM-768x492.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM-1200x769.png 1200w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.33.27-PM.png 1480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>(Click the image to see more details)<\/p>\n<p>Schools in the United States spend an average of $12,624 for each student. The U.S. has the fifth-highest amount per student among the 37 other countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development\u00a0 (Hanson, 2022)<\/p>\n<h5><b>Per Pupil Expenditure in New Mexico (McCann, 2021).<\/b><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Funding for K-12 education in New Mexico: $12,099 per pupil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Mosquero Municipal Schools have the highest expenditures for public elementary and secondary Schools per Pupil: $47,806<\/li>\n<li>Rio Rancho Public Schools have the lowest expenditures for public elementary and secondary Schools per Pupil: $8,567<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Public v. Private School Attendance (<i>State of Education<\/i>, 2018)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1094 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-300x114.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"587\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-1024x390.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-768x293.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-1536x585.png 1536w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-2048x780.png 2048w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-1200x457.png 1200w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-2.04.26-PM-1980x754.png 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 587px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Total public school student enrollment was the highest during 2014\u201315. There were more than 340,000 students in New Mexico public schools. After that, the total student enrollment declined to approximately 338,000 students during 2016\u201317.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Private school enrollment in New Mexico has stopped growing since 2011 when there were 22,680 students in private institutions. In 2015, there were 22,230 students enrolled in approximately 170 New Mexico private schools. That is roughly <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">6 percent of the state&#8217;s total school-age population.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Public school enrollment has not changed in 2021\u00a0 compared with 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Student demographics\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(<i>GRADUATION DATA<\/i>, 2022)<\/b><\/h4>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/GradratesWEBFILE_4yr_2021_4.13.21.xlsx\">Cohort of 2021<\/a><\/h5>\n<table width=\"925\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"313\">Cohort of 2021<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"612\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"325\">N<\/td>\n<td>%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>All Students<\/td>\n<td>24999<\/td>\n<td>100.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Male<\/td>\n<td>12537<\/td>\n<td>50.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Female<\/td>\n<td>12462<\/td>\n<td>49.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>African American<\/td>\n<td>564<\/td>\n<td>2.3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Caucasian<\/td>\n<td>5709<\/td>\n<td>22.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Asian<\/td>\n<td>462<\/td>\n<td>1.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hispanic<\/td>\n<td>15494<\/td>\n<td>62.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Native American<\/td>\n<td>2770<\/td>\n<td>11.1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>English Learners<\/td>\n<td>7428<\/td>\n<td>29.7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Economically Disadvantaged<\/td>\n<td>16052<\/td>\n<td>64.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Students with Disabilities<\/td>\n<td>3861<\/td>\n<td>15.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nearly 16% of students in New Mexico public schools are ESL students. There are dual language programs that help those students develop their English skills by learning material in two languages.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Compared to 19.5 percent in 2018, New Mexico&#8217;s poverty rate in 2019 was 18.2 percent. However, New Mexico was still the third-highest in the country. The national rate was 12.3 percent.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Graduation Rates\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/GradratesWEBFILE_4yr_2021_4.13.21.xlsx\">Cohort of 2021<\/a><\/p>\n<table width=\"375\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"287\">Group<\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">GradRate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>All<\/td>\n<td>76.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Male<\/td>\n<td>72.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Female<\/td>\n<td>81.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>African American<\/td>\n<td>74.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Caucasian<\/td>\n<td>80.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Asian<\/td>\n<td>89.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hispanic<\/td>\n<td>76.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Native American<\/td>\n<td>71.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>English Language Learners<\/td>\n<td>74.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Economically Disadvantaged<\/td>\n<td>72.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Students with Disabilities<\/td>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><b>Accountability measures\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (A Guide, 2020)\u00a0<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/New-Mexicos-Assessment-System.mov\">New Mexicos Assessment System <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/New-Mexicos-Assessment-System.mov\">(Click to see the video )<\/a><\/p>\n<p>NM Vistas has 13 measures from four indexes in the table below. The points for each measure are also summed together to calculate an overall score for every school<\/p>\n<table class=\"c-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"c-table__row--header width: 100%\">ESSA Indicator<\/th>\n<th class=\"c-table__row--header \">Elementary and Middle School<\/th>\n<th class=\"c-table__row--header \">High School<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>Academic Achievement Indicators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Math Proficiency<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">15<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Reading Proficiency<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">15<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>Academic Progress Indicators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Math Growth<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">20<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Reading Growth<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">20<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>English Language Proficiency Indicators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>English Learner Progress<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">10<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>School Quality\/Student Success Indicators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Science Proficiency<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Regular Attendance<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>College and Career Readiness<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Educational Climate Survey<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">10<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Growth in 4-Year Rate<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>Graduation Rate Indicators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4-Year Graduation Rate<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5-Year Graduation Rate<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6-Year Graduation Rate<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"text-right\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header \"><strong>Total Points<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header text-right\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"c-table__row--header text-right\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>Consequences for failing to meet standards\u2014for students, teachers, administrators, and schools (<i>Accountability, Support<\/i>, 2019)<\/h4>\n<p><em>Under ESSA, New Mexico is committed to supporting LEAs and their CSI schools to meet exit criteria in the form of providing additional accountability, progress monitoring tools, evidence-based interventions, additional federal funding, and targeted investment opportunities.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 &#8211; New Mexico State ESSA Plan<\/em><\/p>\n<h5>Schools &amp; Administrators:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>For those schools that fail to meet the criteria, within three years, the SEA will ask for more rigorous interventions for LEAs and their CSI schools. If the schools still do not meet one of the criteria after three years, LEAs would be required to participate in a more rigorous intervention. More details can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/NM-PED-Amendments-to-ESSA-Section-4.pdf\">here.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Teachers:<\/h5>\n<p>Click the title to read the related News: \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/12\/18\/us\/a-push-for-teacher-accountability-meets-resistance-in-new-mexico.html\">New Mexico Teachers Resist a State Official\u2019s Plan for Evaluating Them<\/a><\/p>\n<h5>Students:<\/h5>\n<p>Click the title to read the related News:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daily-times.com\/story\/news\/education\/2015\/10\/31\/new-mexico-students-fail-meet-benchmarks\/74924742\/\">Most N.M. students fail to meet benchmarks<\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b>Testing or proficiency graduation requirements (Hathaway, 2021)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1150\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-3.51.22-PM-250x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"626\" height=\"751\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-3.51.22-PM-250x300.png 250w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-3.51.22-PM-853x1024.png 853w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-3.51.22-PM-768x922.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-3.51.22-PM.png 1176w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 626px) 100vw, 626px\" \/> (More details to be found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nmlegis.gov\/handouts\/ALESC%20052721%20Item%206%20.1%20-%20Brief%20High%20School%20Graduation%20Requirements.pdf\">here<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Related News:<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/natponline.com\/news\/new-mexico-will-not-release-test-results-due-to-low-participation\/<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Adoption of Common Core\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(State Standards, n.d.)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The education initiative known as Common Core was first adopted in some states starting in 2010. Kentucky is the first state that adopts Common Core. 46 states passed laws adopting the Common Core standards in their schools. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The New Mexico Common Core State Standards (NMCCSS) were first implemented in the state in the 2011-2012 school year. New Mexico wished to have full implementation by 2015. The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), also known as NM STEM Ready Standards, were implemented by the state in 2018.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aps.edu\/curriculum-and-instruction\/state-standards\">Click here to find the standards by subject\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b>Adoption of Next Generation Science Standards (Nott, 2017)<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>New Mexico planned to fully implement Next Generation Science Standards before the end of 2020.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cIt\u2019s time to reform,\u201d according to Public Education Secretary-designate Christopher Ruszkowski<\/li>\n<li>The New Mexico Education Department will include about a half-dozen additional New Mexico-specific science standards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.santafenewmexican.com\/news\/education\/new-mexico-to-adopt-next-generation-science-standards-in-full-with-state-specific-additions\/article_dadea58f-3123-576b-94e6-b9f0d3e39afa.html\">Click here to find more details<\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b>Number of Charter Schools and Percentage of Students Served\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (<i>Public Charter<\/i>, n.d.)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The New Mexico State Legislature approved the state&#8217;s charter school law in 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 25,700 <\/strong><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 Students<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 99 Charter Schools\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Charter school students are roughly 7.53 percent of total public school enrollment in New Mexico\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><b>Average Teacher Salary\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (Public School, 2022)<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The average Public School Teacher salary in New Mexico is $55,541 in 2022. The range of the salary normally falls between $48,483 and $64,132. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Salary can range widely based on the city and many other significant factors such as education, certifications, additional skills, and the number of years teachers have spent in your profession.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left\"><b>Presence of Teachers Unions\/Collective Bargaining (Winkler et al., 2012)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1197\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM-300x189.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"596\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM-1024x646.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM-1200x757.png 1200w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.05.14-PM.png 1274w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">New Mexico Teacher Union Strength Rank in the U.S. :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Overall Rank: 37th<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Area 1: Resources &amp; Membership: 46th<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Area 2: Involvement in Politics: 32nd<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Area 3: Scope of Bargaining: 35th<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Area 4: State Policies: 29th<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Area 5: Perceived Influence: 8th<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>More details can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED537563.pdf\">here<\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b>Merit pay for teachers (Burgess, 2018)<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">New Mexico governor announces a $5K-$10K teacher merit pay plan. Gov. Susana Martinez and the New Mexico Public Education Department are pushing a new merit pay plan to reward excellent teachers with merit pay of up to $10,000.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lcsun-news.com\/story\/news\/local\/new-mexico\/legislature\/2018\/01\/18\/new-mexico-governor-ped-unveil-5-k-10-k-teacher-merit-pay-plan\/1045237001\/\">Click here to read the related news<\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b>Teacher evaluation methods and measures (New Mexico, 2018)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><em>Implementing a rigorous, uniform observation protocol, providing immediate constructive feedback, using meaningful student data, and other multiple measures will provide valuable information to aid the professional development and growth of each teacher and principal.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0&#8211; New Mexico Teacher Evaluation System<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The NMTEACH Educator Effectiveness system is used to build up a framework for consistent improvement and professional growth for teachers and administrators.<\/li>\n<li>The NMTEACH system was established to make sure that each student receives equitable access to an effective principal and teacher each day when they are in school.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1208\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.11.25-PM-300x149.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"513\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.11.25-PM-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.11.25-PM-1024x509.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.11.25-PM-768x382.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/544\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-08-at-5.11.25-PM.png 1122w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 513px) 100vw, 513px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nctq.org\/dmsView\/New-Mexico-Teacher-Evaluation-System-Technical-Guide-2017-18\">More information can be found here<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>To Learn More about New Mexico Education System:<\/h4>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/news-releases\/\">New Mexico Education Department NEWS RELEASES<\/a><\/h5>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.santafenewmexican.com\/news\/education\/\">The Santa Fe New Mexican<\/a><\/h5>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edweek.org\/new-mexico\">Education Week<\/a><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><b>Data Analysis:<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Based on the data you\u2019ve collected, why do inequalities persist in your state?\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong><strong>What evidence did you see of the state addressing or overcoming inequities?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The New Mexico public school system does not have a good reputation. In fact, in many rankings, the New Mexico public school system is ranked one of the worst states for schooling in the United States. One of the most significant reasons is that New Mexico public schools do not have enough funding. According to EducationData.org, New Mexico K-12 Schools spend $9,987 for each student and a total of $3.33 billion every year, and it ranks 40th in spending and 38th in funding (Hanson, 2022). Some states such as New York spend $25,520\u2014this is nearly three times bigger than New Mexico\u2019s spending. This is happening because the funding comes from property taxes, and New Mexico\u2019s poverty rate is the third-highest in the country (Moskowitz, 2021). The lack of funding deeply impacts New Mexico from hiring good teachers, building academic facilities, to establishing education programs. Even within Mexico, there is a huge funding difference between rich school districts and poor ones. For example, Mosquero Municipal Schools have five times more funding than Rio Rancho Public Schools (McCann, 2021). This circumstance further exacerbates the inequality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To overcome the funding issues and improve the education quality, the New Mexico Education Department has to take full advantage of existing limited funding: implement many education standards and have strict supervision. For example, in 2011, New Mexico started to use an aggressive teacher evaluation system (Frosch, 2013). If the schools or the teachers fail to meet the standard, there will be rigorous intervention from the education department. Also from 2011 to 2012, the New Mexico Common Core State Standards were implemented (State Standards, n.d.). What\u2019s more, New Mexico planned to fully implement Next Generation Science Standards before the end of 2020 (Nott, 2017). Even though the department is extremely ambitious, the effectiveness of those actions is still questionable. Some of the policies such as the aggressive teacher evaluation system have received critique. Ms. Skandera, a teacher from New Mexico, mentioned that the system has so much weight on the test score, and it forces teachers to spend most of their time helping students prepare for tests (Frosch, 2013). Ms. Skandera spoke out many educators\u2019 minds.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To test whether the actions the New Mexico Education Department made are meaningful and useful takes time, but it is necessary to understand and realize the education existing funding issue in New Mexico\u2014this is not a problem that can be solved solely by the education department.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><strong>Describe and analyze one particular trend or education-specific event in your state. Make sure to contextualize this trend or event within the big picture you\u2019ve created from your data analysis.<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/Describe and analyze one particular trend or education-specific event in your state Make sure to contextualize this trend or event within the big picture you\u2019ve created from your data analysis.\">Click Here to Read the News<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">New Mexico&#8217;s historic investment in educator pay will raise the average statewide teacher salary to $64,006, putting it among the highest among states in the Southwest, according to Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham\u2019s office. There are three measures. The first one will increase the base pay of teachers by $10,000 every year. The second one is a 7 percent increase in salary for education workers. The third measure is to raise the teacher\u2019s minimum wage to $15 each hour. Along with those policies, Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham also signed the bill that will enable teachers to be back at work after retiring for three months.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">New Mexico faces the same challenge of losing teachers as all other states in the U.S. during the pandemic. Covid-19 deeply decreases teachers\u2019 desire and commitment to teaching due to the frustration and anxiety of teaching online\u2014many current teachers decide to quit teaching while there are not enough new teachers to step in. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The purpose of introducing those new bills is to recruit and retain teachers and education workers especially those on the lower side of the salary range. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is the New Mexico Education Department\u2019s commitment to improving its education quality after many years of being one of the worst states for schooling. Even though the education department does not have sufficient funding as many other states, the education department is still willing to increase the benefits of teachers in order to attract a lot of excellent teachers. Those new policies and policies from recent years such as a new merit pay plan are the progress the New Mexico Education Department has made to improve its education quality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Accountability, Support, and Improvement for Schools<\/em>. (2019, February). Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/NM-PED-Amendments-to-ESSA-Section-4.pdf<\/p>\n<p>Burgess, K. (2018, January 18). <em>New Mexico governor, PED unveil $5K-$10K teacher merit pay plan<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.lcsun-news.com\/story\/news\/local\/new-mexico\/legislature\/2018\/01\/18\/new-mexico-governor-ped-unveil-5-k-10-k-teacher-merit-pay-plan\/1045237001\/<\/p>\n<p>Contreras, R. (2015, October 30). <em>Most N.M. students fail to meet benchmarks<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.daily-times.com\/story\/news\/education\/2015\/10\/31\/new-mexico-students-fail-meet-benchmarks\/74924742\/<\/p>\n<p>Frosch, D. (2013, December 17). New Mexico Teachers Resist a State Official&#8217;s Plan for Evaluating The. <em>The New York Times<\/em>. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/12\/18\/us\/a-push-for-teacher-accountability-meets-resistance-in-new-mexico.html<\/p>\n<p>Garcia, E. (2021, October 5). <em>New Mexico will not release test results due to low participation<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/natponline.com\/news\/new-mexico-will-not-release-test-results-due-to-low-participation\/<\/p>\n<p><em>GRADUATION DATA<\/em>. (2022, April 13). Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/bureaus\/accountability\/graduation\/<\/p>\n<p><em>A Guide to the New Mexico Public Education Department&#8217;s School Accountability System<\/em>. (2020, April 17). Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/New-Mexico-Vistas-Technical-Guide-SY-2018-19-1.pdf<\/p>\n<p>Hanson, M. (2022, March 15). <em>U.S. Public Education Spending Statistics<\/em>. EducationData.org. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/educationdata.org\/public-education-spending-statistics<\/p>\n<p>Hathaway. (2021, May 27). <em>High School Graduation Requirements<\/em>. https:\/\/www.nmlegis.gov\/handouts\/ALESC%20052721%20Item%206%20.1%20-%20Brief%20High%20School%20Graduation%20Requirements.pdf<\/p>\n<p>McCann, A. (2021, August 3). <em>Most &amp; Least Equitable School Districts in New Mexico<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/wallethub.com\/edu\/e\/most-least-equitable-school-districts-in-new-mexico\/77110<\/p>\n<p>Moskowitz, R. (2021, February). <em>Poverty in New Mexico: 2019<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.dws.state.nm.us\/Portals\/0\/DM\/LMI\/Poverty_in_NM_2019.pdf<\/p>\n<p><em>New Mexico Teacher Evaluation System<\/em>. (2018, August). Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.nctq.org\/dmsView\/New-Mexico-Teacher-Evaluation-System-Technical-Guide-2017-18<\/p>\n<p><em>NM PED LEADERSHIP<\/em>. (2022, March 31). New Mexico Public Education Department. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/webnew.ped.state.nm.us\/bureaus\/nmpedleadership\/<\/p>\n<p>Nott, R. (2017, October 25). <em>New Mexico to adopt Next Generation Science Standards in full, with state-specific additions<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.santafenewmexican.com\/news\/education\/new-mexico-to-adopt-next-generation-science-standards-in-full-with-state-specific-additions\/article_dadea58f-3123-576b-94e6-b9f0d3e39afa.html<\/p>\n<p>Pollard, J. (2022, March 19). <em>Experienced teachers could see smaller pay increases in New Mexico<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.santafenewmexican.com\/news\/education\/experienced-teachers-could-see-smaller-pay-increases-in-new-mexico\/article_db11fb84-9a46-11ec-b401-b39dd8c53c03.html<\/p>\n<p><em>Public Charter Schools of New Mexico<\/em>. (n.d.). The Santa Fe New Mexican. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/publiccharterschoolsofnewmexico.org\/<\/p>\n<p><em>Public School Teacher Salary in New Mexico<\/em>. (2022, April 26). Salary.com. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.salary.com\/research\/salary\/benchmark\/public-school-teacher-salary\/nm<\/p>\n<p>Silva, C. L. (2021, December 27). <em>New Mexico school enrollment remains steady after nationwide drop<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.currentargus.com\/story\/news\/education\/2021\/12\/27\/new-mexico-school-enrollment-remains-steady-after-nationwide-drop\/8982051002\/<\/p>\n<p><em>State of Education in New Mexico 2018<\/em>. (2018). NewMexicoKidsCAN. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/nmkidscan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2017\/09\/SoE-NM-WEB.pdf<\/p>\n<p><em>State Standards and Core Instructional Materials<\/em>. (n.d.). Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/www.aps.edu\/curriculum-and-instruction\/state-standards<\/p>\n<p>Winkler, A. M., Scull, J., &amp; Zeehandelaar, D. (2012, October). <em>HOW STRONG ARE U.S. TEACHER UNIONS? A STATE-BY-STATE COMPARISON<\/em>. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED537563.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linguo Ren&#8217;s Education Project &nbsp; The New Mexico Public Education Department partners with educators, communities, and families to ensure that ALL students are healthy, secure in their identity, and holistically prepared for college, career, and life. Students in New Mexico are engaged in a culturally and linguistically responsive educational system that meets the social, emotional, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-117","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/117\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-1101-spring-2022\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}