{"id":48,"date":"2014-11-29T14:31:20","date_gmt":"2014-11-29T19:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/?page_id=48"},"modified":"2014-12-18T14:47:45","modified_gmt":"2014-12-18T19:47:45","slug":"footnotes-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/footnotes-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Footnotes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Footnotes are organized according to the page they are found on. All images throughout the site are cited under\u00a0Images.<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Problem:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Shah, N., & McNeil, M. (2013). Student Expulsion and Suspension Data, School Year 2009-10.\u00a0Education Week<\/i>. Retrieved December 18, 2014, from http:\/\/www.edweek.org\/ew\/qc\/2013\/ocrdata.html?intc=EW-QC13-LFTNAV<\/p>\n

2. U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights. (2014, March 21).\u00a0Civil Rights Data Collection: Data Snapshot (School Discipline). <\/em>Retrieved December 8, 2014, from\u00a0http:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/crdc-discipline-snapshot.pdf.<\/p>\n

The 5-Stop Pathway to Incarceration:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0What Is The School-to-Prison Pipeline? (2008, June 6). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/racial-justice\/what-school-prison-pipeline.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Out-of-School Suspension and Expulsion. (2003). American Academy of Pediatrics,<\/i> 112<\/i>(5), 1207. Retrieved December 8, 2014.\u00a0(doi: 10.1542\/peds.112.5.1206).<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Figlio, D. (2006). Testing, Crime And Punishment. Journal of Public Economics,<\/i> 90<\/i>(4-5), 837-851, as cited in,\u00a0What Is The School-to-Prison Pipeline? (2008, June 6). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/racial-justice\/what-school-prison-pipeline.<\/p>\n

Video:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0advprojectdc. (2013,\u00a0July 3).\u00a0The School to Prison Pipeline by Advancement Project\u00a0<\/em>[Video file]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YnGctoUq-fA<\/p>\n

Grassroots Organizing:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Campaigns – VOYCE Project. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http:\/\/voyceproject.org\/campaigns\/<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Mission and History. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/www.youth4justice.org\/about-the-yjc\/history<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0As City Leaders Contemplate Changes to Discipline Code, Students Call for End to Suspensions for \u201cDefying Authority\u201d. (2014, September 3). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org\/category\/news\/<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Padres & J\u00f3venes Unidos. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http:\/\/padresunidos.org\/about<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0Accomplishments. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/www.cadre-la.org\/core\/accomplishments\/<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0The Campaign for Common Sense Discipline. (2014, April 18). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/voyceproject.org\/campaigns\/campaign-common-sense-discipline\/<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Youth. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/www.btchicago.org\/youth<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/www.poweru.org\/index.php?page=about-us<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0VOYCE Announces Major Legislative Victory: SB 2793 has passed the Illinois legislature! – VOYCE Project. (2014, June 3). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/voyceproject.org\/2014\/06\/03\/voyce-announces-major-legislative-victory-sb-2793-passed-illinois-legislature\/<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0Campaigns. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/caljustice.org\/our-work\/campaigns\/<\/p>\n

11.\u00a0Pilisuk, M., McAllister, J., & Rothman, J. (1996). Coming Together For Action: The Challenge Of Contemporary Grassroots Community Organizing. Journal of Social Issues,<\/i> 52<\/i>(1), 15-37. Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http:\/\/www.sonoma.edu\/users\/w\/warmotha\/psychclasses\/490\/spring01\/grassroots.html.<\/p>\n

Websites:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Campaigns – VOYCE Project. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http:\/\/voyceproject.org\/campaigns\/<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Ending the School-to-Prison Pipeline. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org\/ending-school-to-prison-pipeline\/<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Mission and History. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/www.youth4justice.org\/about-the-yjc\/history<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Campaigns. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/caljustice.org\/our-work\/campaigns\/<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0Youth. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/www.btchicago.org\/youth<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http:\/\/www.poweru.org\/index.php?page=about-us<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Organizing. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http:\/\/www.cadre-la.org\/core\/<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0End the School to Jail Track: Restorative Practices for Safe and Supportive Schools. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http:\/\/padresunidos.org\/campaign\/end-school-jail-track<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0Padres & J\u00f3venes Unidos. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http:\/\/padresunidos.org\/about<\/p>\n

Social Media Advocates:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline: Movie. (n.d.). In\u00a0Facebook\u00a0<\/em>[About page]. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/papercitymovie\/info.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline: Movie. (n.d.). In\u00a0Facebook\u00a0<\/em>[Timeline]. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/papercitymovie\/timeline.<\/p>\n

3. Urban Youth Justice. (n.d.). In\u00a0Facebook<\/em> [About page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/UrbanYouthJustice\/info?tab=page_info.<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0StopSchooltoPrison\u00a0[StopSTPP]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https:\/\/twitter.com\/StopSTPP.<\/p>\n

5. CNS [CNSPhilly}. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https:\/\/twitter.com\/CNSPhilly.<\/p>\n

6. Kelly Turner [sympleequazion8]. (n.d.). About [Twitter Page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014 from https:\/\/twitter.com\/sympleequazion8.<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0About Author Kelly Jermaine Turner. (2013, August 15). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from http:\/\/sympleequazion88.com\/hello-world\/<\/p>\n

8. At Risk Youth: The School to Prison Pipeline. [atriskyouth-school2prison]. Posts [Tumblr Blog]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from\u00a0http:\/\/atriskyouth-school2prison.tumblr.com\/.<\/p>\n

9. Lansing School To Prison Pipeline Committee. (n.d.). In\u00a0Facebook\u00a0<\/em>[Timeline]. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Lansing-School-To-Prison-Pipeline-Committee\/191523131035898?sk=timeline.<\/p>\n

10. Ohio Commission to Eliminate the School to Prison Pipeline. (n.d.). In\u00a0Facebook\u00a0<\/em>[About]. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SchooltoPrison\/info?tab=page_info.<\/p>\n

Practitioner-Oriented Articles:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Thompson, M. D. (2013). Rethinking our approach to SCHOOL DISCIPLINE. School Administrator, 70<\/i>(7), 45-47. Retrieved from http:\/\/ezproxy.bowdoin.edu\/login?url=http:\/\/search.proquest.com\/docview\/1420574451?accountid=9681<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0A resource guide for improving school climate and discipline. (2014). The Education Digest, 79<\/i>(8), 44-48. Retrieved from http:\/\/ezproxy.bowdoin.edu\/login?url=http:\/\/search.proquest.com\/docview\/1511967939?accountid=9681<\/p>\n

Peer-Reviewed\u00a0Articles<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Gage, N. A., Sugai, G., Lunde, K., & DeLoreto, L. (2013). Truancy and zero tolerance in high school: Does policy align with practice? Education & Treatment of Children, <\/i>36<\/i>(2), 118-121; 132-136. Retrieved from http:\/\/ezproxy.bowdoin.edu\/login?url=http:\/\/search.proquest.com\/docview\/1391911166?accountid=9681<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Evans, K. R., & Lester, J. N. (2012). Zero tolerance: Moving the conversation forward. Intervention in School and Clinic, <\/i>48<\/i>(2), 109-112. Retrieved from http:\/\/ezproxy.bowdoin.edu\/login?url=http:\/\/search.proquest.com\/docview\/1314317984?accountid=9681<\/p>\n

The following article was\u00a0not part of the synthesis, but was used in the introductory paragraph as a fact about zero tolerance policies:<\/em><\/p>\n

3. American Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force.\u00a0(2008). Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools? An evidentiary review and recommendations. American Psychologist<\/em>, 63<\/em>(9), 852. doi:10.1037\/0003-066X.63.9.852<\/p>\n

Images:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Header Image:\u00a0[Education Not Incarceration Sign]. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 8, 2014 from https:\/\/d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net\/osa\/pages\/52\/attachments\/original\/1394567328\/decar1.jpg?1394567328.<\/p>\n

1. Jail Bars. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 4, 2014,\u00a0<\/b>from http:\/\/www.personalisedpromotions.com.au\/product_images\/uploaded_images\/jail-bars-copy.jpg.<\/p>\n

From\u00a0Infographics<\/strong>\u00a0Page(in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Nocella II, A. J. (Designer). (2013). Examining the School to Prison Pipeline [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from https:\/\/savethekidsnews.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/04\/examining-the-school-to-prison-pipeline-2.jpg<\/p>\n

2. Community Coalition.\u00a0STPP Graphic.\u00a0[Online Image].\u00a0Retrieved December 8, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.suspensionstories.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/STPPgraphic.jpg.<\/p>\n

From\u00a0Websites<\/strong> Page (in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0[Untitled photograph\u00a0of two boys wearing VOYCE shirts]. Retrieved December 16, 2014
\nfrom http:\/\/voyceproject.org.<\/p>\n

2. \u00a0Mission Action. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Mission-Action-Photo.jpg.<\/p>\n

3. YJC Home Header. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.youth4justice.org.<\/p>\n

4. [Untitled photograph of students raising their fists]. Retrieved December 17, \u00a02014 from\u00a0http:\/\/caljustice.org\/our-work\/.<\/p>\n

5. [Untitled photograph of three women in prison uniforms]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.btchicago.org\/youth.<\/p>\n

6. Power U Center Logo. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.poweru.org\/index.php?page=about-us.<\/p>\n

7. CADRE Logo. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/www.cadre-la.org\/core\/.<\/p>\n

8. Youth Rally Steps Crop. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from\u00a0http:\/\/padresunidos.org.<\/p>\n

From Social Media Advocates<\/strong> Page(in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):<\/p>\n

1. Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline\u00a0(2014, June 10). This is a story about the American Dream in one of the nation’s arson capitals – in Holyoke, Massachusetts. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/papercitymovie\/photos\/a.533265733446852.1073741825.519220104851415\/534627736643985\/?type=1&theater.<\/p>\n

2. Urban Youth Justice (2010, April 11). [Man and handcuffed boy in hallway]. [Photograph]. \u00a0Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/UrbanYouthJustice\/photos\/a.144693655567765.22233.104249336278864\/108395699197561\/?type=1&theater.<\/p>\n

3. StopSchooltoPrison. [NC Action Camp Poster]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/twitter.com\/StopSTPP.<\/p>\n

4. CNSPhilly. [Youths holding Campaign For Nonviolent Schools Banner]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0http:\/\/twitter.com\/CNSPhilly.<\/p>\n

5. Kelly Turner. [Kelly Turner speaking into microphone]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/twitter.com\/sympleequazion8.<\/p>\n

6. atriskyouth. [Youth AT RISK]. [Online Image]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/search\/atriskyouth.<\/p>\n

7. Lansing School To Prison Pipeline Committee (2013, October 23). [Three boys wearing backpacks]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/191523131035898\/photos\/a.191523604369184.1073741825.191523131035898\/191523611035850\/?type=1&theater.<\/p>\n

8. Ohio Coalition to Eliminate the School to Prison Pipeline (2013, October 23). [Women wearing red and holding school protest signs]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SchooltoPrison\/photos\/a.252016838281031.1073741825.252016168281098\/252016844947697\/?type=1&theater.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Footnotes are organized according to the page they are found on. All images throughout the site are cited under\u00a0Images. The Problem: 1.\u00a0Shah, N., & McNeil, M. (2013). Student Expulsion and Suspension Data, School Year 2009-10.\u00a0Education Week. Retrieved December 18, 2014, from http:\/\/www.edweek.org\/ew\/qc\/2013\/ocrdata.html?intc=EW-QC13-LFTNAV 2. U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights. (2014, March 21).\u00a0Civil Rights […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":189,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-48","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/189"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/education-2272-fall-2014-motoole\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}