References<\/p>\n
\u201cAuschwitz-Birkenau Extermination Camp.\u201d Yad Vashem: The Holocaust Remembrance Center. \u00a0<\/em>Accessed December 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.yadvashem.org\/holocaust\/about\/final-solution\/auschwitz.html.<\/p>\n Benditer, Ihiel. “Cattle Fodder for the Victims.” (1995). Excerpted in Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria<\/em> by Felicia Carmelly (2001). From http:\/\/nizkor.com\/hweb\/people\/c\/carmelly-felicia\/benditer-ihiel.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n Braham, Randolph L. Romanian Nationalists and the Holocaust: The Political Exploitation of Unfounded Rescue Accounts<\/em>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.<\/p>\n Degeratu, Laura. \u201cThe Camp in Vapniarka: Detention, Survival, Memory.\u201d Holocaust. Study and Research<\/em> 7, no. 1 (2015): 29-42. https:\/\/illiad.bowdoin.edu\/illiad.dll?Action=10&Form=75&Value=302051<\/a><\/p>\n Enneking, Dirk, trans. \u201c “Ein Arzt im Lager” \u2013 A camp physician – by Arthur Kessler.\u201d Cassava Cyanide Diseases & Neurolathyrism Network<\/em> (2015): 3-10. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Dirk_Enneking\/publication\/280316680_Translation_of_Ein_Arzt_im_Lager_-_A_camp_physician_-_by_Arthur_Kessler\/links\/55b23f7008ae9289a0852338\/Translation-of-Ein-Arzt-im-Lager-A-camp-physician-by-Arthur-Kessler.pdf?origin=publication_detail<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u201cFile:Hammer and Sickle.svg.\u201d File:Hammer and sickle.svg – Wikimedia Commons. https:\/\/commons.m.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hammer_and_sickle.svg.<\/p>\n \u201cFile:Ion Antonescu.png.\u201d File:Ion Antonescu.png – Wikimedia Commons. https:\/\/commons.m.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ion_antonescu.png#mw-jump-to-license<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u201c \u2018FINAL SOLUTION\u2019: OVERVIEW.\u201d Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/final-solution-overview<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u201cGESTAPO\u201d Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/gestapo<\/a>.<\/p>\n Gagn\u00e9, Karine. \u201cWaiting for the flood: technocratic time and impending disaster in the Himalayas.\u201dDisasters<\/em> 43, no. 4 (2019): 840-866. doi:10.1111\/disa.12379.<\/p>\n Garfinkle, Jarred, Frederick Andermann, and Michael I. Shevell. \u201cNeurolathyrism in Vapniarka: Medical Heroism in a Concentration Camp.\u201d\u00a0Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques<\/em>\u00a038, no. 6 (2011): 839\u201344. doi:10.1017\/S0317167100012403.<\/p>\n Hirsch, Marianne, and Leo Spitzer. \u201cIncongruous Images: \u201cBefore, During, and After\u201d the Holocaust.\u201d History and Theory <\/em>48, no. 4 (December 2019): 9-25. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25621435<\/a><\/p>\n Hirsch, Marianne, and Leo Spitzer. \u201c \u2018There Was Never a Camp Here\u2019 : Searching for Vapniarka.\u201d In Locating Memory: Photographic Events<\/em>, edited by Annette Kuhn and Kirsten Emiko\u00a0 McAllister, 135-154. New York: Berghahn Books, 2006.<\/p>\n Ioanid, Radu. The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Gypsies under the Antonescu Regime, 1940-1944<\/em>. Translated from French by Mark J. Masurovsky. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000.<\/p>\n Nixon, Rob. Slow Violence And the Environmentalism of the Poor<\/em>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011.<\/p>\n Nizkor Project, The. \u201cCarmelly, Felicia\u201d (website). June 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.nizkor.org\/carmelly-felicia\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u201cSeed Housed Inside Glass Jar.\u201d Photograph of an object in The Dr. Arthur Kessler Collection at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. Accession Number: 2019.183.12. \u00a0https:\/\/collections.ushmm.org\/search\/catalog\/irn707066<\/a>.<\/p>\n Shapiro, Paul A. “Vapniarka: The Archive of the International Tracing Service and the Holocaust in the East.”\u00a0Holocaust and Genocide Studies<\/em>\u00a027, no. 1 (2013): 114-137.\u00a0muse.jhu.edu\/article\/508213<\/a>.<\/p>\n Solonari, Vladimir. \u201cA Conspiracy to Murder: Explaining the Dynamics of Romanian \u2018Policy\u2019 towards Jews in Transnistria.\u201d\u00a0 Journal of Genocide Research<\/em>\u00a019, no. 1 (March 2017): 1\u201321. doi:10.1080\/14623528.2016.1208387.<\/p>\n
![https:\/\/commons.m.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ion_antonescu.png#mw-jump-to-license<\/a>.<\/p>\n\u201c \u2018FINAL SOLUTION\u2019: OVERVIEW.\u201d Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/final-solution-overview<\/a>.<\/p>\n\u201cGESTAPO\u201d Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/gestapo<\/a>.<\/p>\nGagn\u00e9, Karine. \u201cWaiting for the flood: technocratic time and impending disaster in the Himalayas.\u201dDisasters<\/em> 43, no. 4 (2019): 840-866. doi:10.1111\/disa.12379.<\/p>\nGarfinkle, Jarred, Frederick Andermann, and Michael I. Shevell. \u201cNeurolathyrism in Vapniarka: Medical Heroism in a Concentration Camp.\u201d\u00a0Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques<\/em>\u00a038, no. 6 (2011): 839\u201344. doi:10.1017\/S0317167100012403.<\/p>\nHirsch, Marianne, and Leo Spitzer. \u201cIncongruous Images: \u201cBefore, During, and After\u201d the Holocaust.\u201d History and Theory <\/em>48, no. 4 (December 2019): 9-25. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25621435<\/a><\/p>\nHirsch, Marianne, and Leo Spitzer. \u201c \u2018There Was Never a Camp Here\u2019 : Searching for Vapniarka.\u201d In Locating Memory: Photographic Events<\/em>, edited by Annette Kuhn and Kirsten Emiko\u00a0 McAllister, 135-154. New York: Berghahn Books, 2006.<\/p>\nIoanid, Radu. The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Gypsies under the Antonescu Regime, 1940-1944<\/em>. Translated from French by Mark J. Masurovsky. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000.<\/p>\nNixon, Rob. Slow Violence And the Environmentalism of the Poor<\/em>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011.<\/p>\nNizkor Project, The. \u201cCarmelly, Felicia\u201d (website). June 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.nizkor.org\/carmelly-felicia\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\u201cSeed Housed Inside Glass Jar.\u201d Photograph of an object in The Dr. Arthur Kessler Collection at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum<\/em>. Accession Number: 2019.183.12. \u00a0https:\/\/collections.ushmm.org\/search\/catalog\/irn707066<\/a>.<\/p>\nShapiro, Paul A. “Vapniarka: The Archive of the International Tracing Service and the Holocaust in the East.”\u00a0Holocaust and Genocide Studies<\/em>\u00a027, no. 1 (2013): 114-137.\u00a0muse.jhu.edu\/article\/508213<\/a>.<\/p>\nSolonari, Vladimir. \u201cA Conspiracy to Murder: Explaining the Dynamics of Romanian \u2018Policy\u2019 towards Jews in Transnistria.\u201d\u00a0 Journal of Genocide Research<\/em>\u00a019, no. 1 (March 2017): 1\u201321. doi:10.1080\/14623528.2016.1208387.<\/p>\n\u201cThe SS.\u201d Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. <\/em>https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/ss<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"References \u201cAuschwitz-Birkenau Extermination Camp.\u201d Yad Vashem: The Holocaust Remembrance Center. \u00a0Accessed December 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.yadvashem.org\/holocaust\/about\/final-solution\/auschwitz.html. Benditer, Ihiel. “Cattle Fodder for the Victims.” (1995). Excerpted in Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria by Felicia Carmelly (2001). From http:\/\/nizkor.com\/hweb\/people\/c\/carmelly-felicia\/benditer-ihiel.html. Braham, Randolph L. Romanian Nationalists and the Holocaust: The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-48","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.bowdoin.edu\/history-2203-fall-2020-bmalakoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}](\"https:\/\/commons.m.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ion_antonescu.png#mw-jump-to-license\"){kind=link}