April 3 – Carlos Holguin

Between weeks 8 and 12, each student should provide a weekly reflection (500 words) on the data you have collected to date.
- What data did you collect?
  - I found various different types of stories and reports about the toxins which are produced during the smelting process. Also, I found some stuff on the medical impacts of copper waste. Lastly, I found some very basic material on wind patterns.
- What is your initial impression of the data?
  - Just how dangerous smelling is upon further examination. The medical issues which should arise from this process–not just the environmental degradation which would occur.
- How have the data you have collected this week changed/progressed your thinking about your research project?
  - I think I have enough material to develop the basic which I need to go over before I go and talk to professor peterman about the smelting process.
- What challenges did you encounter while collecting the data?
  - A lot of this stuff takes a lot of digging to find, and it can’t be found in clusters. Also, the human side of stuff has been a pain in the ass to find.
- What are your next steps?
  - I am going to email professor Peterman to see if I can meet to learn more about the copper smelting process. I am also going to be talking to my dad in the next couple of weeks about what happened to people in my hometown, and the health complications which came about from it.
- 2-3 annotations.
  - Anon. 2003. “Toxic Air Pollution from Copper Smelters Challenged.” Earthjustice. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://earthjustice.org/news/press/2003/toxic-air-pollution-from-copper-smelters-challenged).Anon. 2014. “How Can Metal Mining Impact the Environment?” American Geosciences Institute. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://www.americangeosciences.org/critical-issues/faq/how-can-metal-mining-impact-environment).
    Anon. 2018. “Sulfide Mining.” Sierra Club. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://www.sierraclub.org/minnesota/mining/sulfide-mining).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Copper Sulfide Mining.” Earthworks. Retrieved April 3, 2019a (https://earthworks.org/issues/copper_sulfide_mining/).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Copper Tailings.” Retrieved April 3, 2019b (http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/333tailings.html).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Impacts of Smelting – Base Metal Smelting.” Retrieved April 3, 2019c (https://siddikabasemetalsmelting.weebly.com/impacts-of-smelting.html).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Jet Stream | Wind Maps | Weather Underground.” Retrieved April 3, 2019d (https://www.wunderground.com/maps/wind/jet-stream).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Largest Open Pit Copper Mine in the World at Santa Rita, New Mexico. Copper Was Discovered Here by an Officer of the Spanish Army in 1800 Who Sold the Same to a Wealthy Spanish Merchant. Pure Native Copper Was Transported by Pack Mule to Mexico City to Enter the Royal Mint for Coinage. In 1900 a Young Mining Engineer Became Interested in the Development and Was Instrumental in the Ultimate Success of the Chino Copper Company. The Ore Is Now Shipped to Hurley, a Short Distance to the South, Where It Is Put through a Five Million Dollar Smelter.” Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved April 3, 2019e (https://www.loc.gov/item/2017786551/).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Mining and Water Pollution.” Safe Drinking Water Foundation. Retrieved April 3, 2019f (https://www.safewater.org/fact-sheets-1/2017/1/23/miningandwaterpollution).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Smelting – Environmental, Pollutants, Impact, EPA, Soil, Industrial, Toxic, World, Sources, Disposal, Health.” Retrieved April 3, 2019g (http://www.pollutionissues.com/Re-Sy/Smelting.html).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Tailings Ponds Are the Biggest Environmental Disaster You’ve Never Heard Of – VICE.” Retrieved April 3, 2019h (https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/8gdd3g/tailings-ponds-are-the-biggest-environmental-disaster-youve-never-heard-of-714).
    
    Anon. n.d. “Toxic Releases by Arizona Mines Increasing | Environment | Tucson.Com.” Retrieved April 3, 2019i (https://tucson.com/news/science/environment/toxic-releases-by-arizona-mines-increasing/article_07e82f9e-0785-5503-83a8-37f1d53069c3.html).
    
    Anon. n.d. “What Is Sulfide Mining? | Mining Action Group.” Retrieved April 3, 2019j (https://savethewildup.org/about/sulfide-mining-101/).
    
    Csavina, Janae, Louise Kristensen, Mark Patrick Taylor, and Peter Davies. n.d. “Reducing the Harms of Toxic Air in Mining and Smelting Communities.” The Conversation. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (http://theconversation.com/reducing-the-harms-of-toxic-air-in-mining-and-smelting-communities-25999).
    
    ecology, Frederic Beaudry Dr Frederic Beaudry is an associate professor of environmental science at Alfred University in New York He has a Ph D. in wildlife. n.d. “These Are the Environmental Risks From Mine Tailings.” ThoughtCo. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://www.thoughtco.com/environmental-effects-of-mine-tailings-1204114).
    
    Jamail, Dahr. n.d. “Dahr Jamail | New Mexico: Where Polluting Groundwater Is Legal.” Truthout. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://truthout.org/articles/new-mexico-where-polluting-groundwater-is-legal/).
    
    Rzymski, Piotr, Piotr Klimaszyk, Włodzimierz Marszelewski, Dariusz Borowiak, Mirosław Mleczek, Kamil Nowiński, Bożena Pius, Przemysław Niedzielski, and Barbara Poniedziałek. 2018. “The Chemistry and Toxicity of Discharge Waters from Copper Mine Tailing Impoundment in the Valley of the Apuseni Mountains in Romania.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25(18):18221–18221.
    
    US EPA, OAR. 2015. “TENORM: Copper Mining and Production Wastes.” US EPA. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (https://www.epa.gov/radiation/tenorm-copper-mining-and-production-wastes).
- Lopez’s Comments:
Wow. You’ve got a lot here with your reference. I hope you using a way to manage your references. I like the progress you continue to make with this project. I am also particularly happy to hear that you feel that you have enough material to start writing and interview folks. I also like that have a good sense of the environmental/health damage that copper smelting causes. Keep it up!