Arctic Wildland Fires – Sarah
Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring System
Gwich’in Council International. 2019. “Arctic Wildland Fire Ecology Mapping and Monitoring Project.” CAFF. 2019. https://www.caff.is/arcticfire.
———. 2020. “Circumpolar Wildland Fire Project.” EPPR. 2020. https://eppr.org/projects/circumpolar-wildland-fire-project/.
Holzworth, Robert H., James B. Brundell, Michael P. McCarthy, Abram R. Jacobson, Craig J. Rodger, and Todd S. Anderson. 2021. “Lightning in the Arctic.” Geophysical Research Letters 48 (7): e2020GL091366. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091366.
McCarty, Jessica L., Thomas E. L. Smith, and Merritt R. Turetsky. 2020. “Arctic Fires Re-Emerging.” Nature Geoscience 13 (10): 658–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-00645-5.
McLaughlin, Jim, and Kara Webster. 2014. “Effects of Climate Change on Peatlands in the Far North of Ontario, Canada: A Synthesis.” Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 46 (1): 84–102. https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-46.1.84.
Nathan, Aparna. 2020. “Fire on Ice: Arctic Wildfires Are the New Symptom of a Warming Planet.” Science in the News (blog). June 14, 2020. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2020/fire-on-ice-arctic-wildfires-are-the-new-symptom-of-a-warming-planet/.
Rein, Guillermo and E. Burns. “Illustration of a smouldering peat fire initiated by flames in the surface” from “Smouldering Fires and Natural Fuels.” Edited by C. M. Belcher. Fire Phenomena and the Earth System, September 2013, 15–34. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118529539.ch2.
Tarnocai, Charles. 2006. “The Effect of Climate Change on Carbon in Canadian Peatlands.” Global and Planetary Change, Peatlands: records of global environmental changes, 53 (4): 222–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.03.012.
Turetsky, Merritt, Kelman Wieder, Linda Halsey, and Dale Vitt. 2002. “Current Disturbance and the Diminishing Peatland Carbon Sink.” Geophysical Research Letters 29 (11): 21-1-21–24. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014000.
Witze, Alexandra. 2020a. “The Arctic Is Burning like Never before — and That’s Bad News for Climate Change.” Nature 585 (7825): 336–37. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02568-y.
Arctic Peatland Wildfires — Jack Burnett
Alexander, Edward, and Devlin Fernandes. 2021. “As Millions of Acres Burn in the Arctic, Creating a Common Language around Wildfire Management Is Key.” Arctic Council. Accessed April 27. https://arctic-council.org/en/news/creating-a-common-language-around-wildfire-management/.
Amos, Jonathan. 2019. “Arctic Wildfires: How Bad Are They and What Caused Them?” BBC News. BBC. August 2. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-49125391.
Chen, Yaping, Feng Sheng Hu, and Mark J. Lara. 2020. “Divergent Shrub‐Cover Responses Driven by Climate, Wildfire, and Permafrost Interactions in Arctic Tundra Ecosystems.” Global Change Biology 27 (3): 652–63. doi:10.1111/gcb.15451.
Harris, Lorna I, Nigel T Roulet, and Tim R Moore. 2020. “Drainage Reduces the Resilience of a Boreal Peatland.” Environmental Research Communications 2 (6): 065001. doi:10.1088/2515-7620/ab9895.
Hugelius, Gustaf, Julie Loisel, Sarah Chadburn, Robert B. Jackson, Miriam Jones, Glen MacDonald, Maija Marushchak, et al. 2020. “Large Stocks of Peatland Carbon and Nitrogen Are Vulnerable to Permafrost Thaw.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (34): 20438–46. doi:10.1073/pnas.1916387117.
Irannezhad, Masoud, Junguo Liu, Behzad Ahmadi, and Deliang Chen. 2020. “The Dangers of Arctic Zombie Wildfires.” Science 369 (6508). doi:10.1126/science.abe1739.
Kasischke, Eric S., David L. Verbyla, T. Scott Rupp, A. David McGuire, Karen A. Murphy, and Randi Jandt. 2010. “Alaska’s Changing Fire Regime — Implications for the Vulnerability of Its Boreal Forests.” Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40: 1313–24.
Lehigh University. 2018. “Peat Expansion in the Arctic Tundra Could Play a Role in Cooling a Warming Planet.” Phys.org. Phys.org. August 29. https://phys.org/news/2018-08-peat-expansion-arctic-tundra-role.html.
Lutsch, Erik, Kimberly Strong, Dylan B. Jones, Thomas Blumenstock, Stephanie Conway, Jenny A. Fisher, James W. Hannigan, et al. 2020. “Detection and Attribution of Wildfire Pollution in the Arctic and Northern Midlatitudes Using a Network of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometers and GEOS-Chem.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20 (21): 12813–51. doi:10.5194/acp-20-12813-2020.
Quinn, Eilís. 2020. “Indigenous Wildfire Knowledge to Be Key Part of New Arctic Council Project.” Eye on the Arctic. Radio Canada. October 6. https://www.rcinet.ca/eye-on-the-arctic/2020/10/06/indigenous-wildfire-knowledge-to-be-key-part-of-new-arctic-council-project/.
Witze, Alexandra. 2020. “The Arctic Is Burning like Never before — and That’s Bad News for Climate Change.” Nature585 (7825): 336–37. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-02568-y.
York, A, U. S. Bhatt, E Gargulinski, Z Grabinski, P Jain, A Soja, R. L. Thoman, and R Ziel. 2020. “Wildland Fire in High Northern Latitudes.” 2020 Arctic Report Card, November.
North Slope Oil – Griffin Marshall
Bradner, Tim. 2021. “Melting Permafrost May Make Oil Production Nearly Impossible on the North Slope.” The Anchorage Press. January 8, 2021. https://www.anchoragepress.com/news/melting-permafrost-may-make-oil-production-nearly-impossible-on-the-north-slope/article_6b912510-10a9-11ea-8991-6729e599710a.html.
Demarban, Alex. 2017. “Permafrost Thaw Prompts Emergency Orders from Alaska Regulators over Pipelines Concerns – Eye on the Arctic.” October 31, 2017. https://www.rcinet.ca/eye-on-the-arctic/2017/10/31/permafrost-thaw-prompts-emergency-orders-from-alaska-regulators-over-pipelines-concerns/.
Hjort, Jan, Olli Karjalainen, Juha Aalto, Sebastian Westermann, Vladimir E. Romanovsky, Frederick E. Nelson, Bernd Etzelmüller, and Miska Luoto. 2018. “Degrading Permafrost Puts Arctic Infrastructure at Risk by Mid-Century.” Nature Communications 9 (1): 5147. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4.
Hobson, Margaret. 2017. “PIPELINES: Disaster, Decline and Hope for an Aging Mega Project.” August 14, 2017. https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060058721.
Huissteden, J. van. 2020a. “Introduction.” In Thawing Permafrost: Permafrost Carbon in a Warming Arctic, edited by J. van Huissteden, 1–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31379-1_1.
———. 2020b. “Models: Forecasting the Present and Future of Permafrost.” In Thawing Permafrost: Permafrost Carbon in a Warming Arctic, edited by J. van Huissteden, 465–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31379-1_8.
Jernelöv, Arne. 2010. “The Threats from Oil Spills: Now, Then, and in the Future.” AMBIO 39 (5): 353–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0085-5.
Oswell, James M. 2011. “Pipelines in Permafrost: Geotechnical Issues and Lessons.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48 (9): 1412–32. https://doi.org/10.1139/T11-045.
Raynolds, Martha K., Donald A. Walker, Kenneth J. Ambrosius, Jerry Brown, Kaye R. Everett, Mikhail Kanevskiy, Gary P. Kofinas, Vladimir E. Romanovsky, Yuri Shur, and Patrick J. Webber. 2014. “Cumulative Geoecological Effects of 62 Years of Infrastructure and Climate Change in Ice-Rich Permafrost Landscapes, Prudhoe Bay Oilfield, Alaska.” Global Change Biology 20 (4): 1211–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12500.
Simonelli, Isaac. 2018. “Building on Permafrost.” Alaska Business Magazine. September 25, 2018. https://www.akbizmag.com/industry/architecture/building-on-permafrost/.
Oil Spill Prevention, Preparedness, & Progress in Alaska – Hajna Nagy
Archibald, Robert. 2020. “Keeping Alaska’s Oil Spill Protection Requires Public Input.”
Anchorage Daily News, March 3rd, 2020. https://www.adn.com/opinions/2020/03/04/keeping-alaskas-oil-spill-protections-requires-public-input/
Bowe, Rebecca. 2019. “BLM Moves to Gut Protected Areas in NPRA and Western Arctic.”Earth Justice: Alaska Native News, November 26th, 2019. https://alaska-native-news.com/blm-moves-to-gut-protected-areas-in-npra-and-western-arctic/45944/
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. 2021. “Exxon Valdez: Oil Spill Facts and Status of Restoration.” Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, 2021. https://evostc.state.ak.us/oil-spill-facts/spill-prevention-response/
Johnson, Amanda. 2020. “State of Alaska’s Oil Spill Prevention and Response Funding Unsustainable.” Prince William Sound: Regional Citizens Advisory Council, May 5th, 2020. https://www.pwsrcac.org/observer/state-of-alaskas-oil-spill-prevention-and-response-funding-unsustainable/
Ketkar, Kusum W. 1995. “Protection of Marine Resources: the US Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and the Future of the Maritime Industry.” Marine Policy, 19(5) (September, 1995): 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-597X(95)00010-4
Knickerbocker, Brad. 2006. “Leak is the Latest of Alaska’s Pipeline Woes.” The Christian Science Monitor, August 9th, 2006. https://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0809/p02s01-usgn.html
Leahy, Stephen. 2019. “Exxon Valdez Changed the Oil Industry Forever – but New Threats Emerge.” National Geographic, March 22nd, 2019. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/oil-spills-30-years-after-exxon-valdez
Lyon, Susan and Daniel J. Weiss. 2010. “Oil Spills by the Numbers: The Devastating Consequences of Exxon Valdez.” Center for American Progress, April 20th, 2010. https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2010/04/30/7620/oil-spills-by-the-numbers/
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. 2020. “Oil Spills.” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, August, 2020. https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts/oil-spills
Nixon, Zachary and Jacqueline Michel. 2017. “A Review of Distribution and Quantity of Lingering Subsurface Oil from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill.” Deep Sea Research, July 2017. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.07.009
PEW Environment Group. 2010. “Alaska Spills Highlight Ever-Present Risks from Oil Industry.” PEW Charitable Trusts, 2010. https://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/assets/2010/05/10/alaskaspillshighlight-risk.pdf
Struck, Doug. 2009. “Twenty Years Later, Impacts of the Exxon Valdez Linger.” Yale School of the Environment, March 24th, 2009. https://e360.yale.edu/features/twenty_years_later_impacts__of_the_exxon_valdez_linger