Footnotes | School-to-Prison Pipeline

Footnotes are organized according to the page they are found on. All images throughout the site are cited under Images.

The Problem:

1. Shah, N., & McNeil, M. (2013). Student Expulsion and Suspension Data, School Year 2009-10. Education Week. Retrieved December 18, 2014, from http://www.edweek.org/ew/qc/2013/ocrdata.html?intc=EW-QC13-LFTNAV

2. U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights. (2014, March 21). Civil Rights Data Collection: Data Snapshot (School Discipline). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/crdc-discipline-snapshot.pdf.

The 5-Stop Pathway to Incarceration:

1. What Is The School-to-Prison Pipeline? (2008, June 6). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https://www.aclu.org/racial-justice/what-school-prison-pipeline.

2. Out-of-School Suspension and Expulsion. (2003). American Academy of Pediatrics, 112(5), 1207. Retrieved December 8, 2014. (doi: 10.1542/peds.112.5.1206).

3. Figlio, D. (2006). Testing, Crime And Punishment. Journal of Public Economics, 90(4-5), 837-851, as cited in, What Is The School-to-Prison Pipeline? (2008, June 6). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https://www.aclu.org/racial-justice/what-school-prison-pipeline.

Video:

1. advprojectdc. (2013, July 3). The School to Prison Pipeline by Advancement Project [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YnGctoUq-fA

Grassroots Organizing:

1. Campaigns – VOYCE Project. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http://voyceproject.org/campaigns/

2. Mission and History. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.youth4justice.org/about-the-yjc/history

3. As City Leaders Contemplate Changes to Discipline Code, Students Call for End to Suspensions for “Defying Authority”. (2014, September 3). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org/category/news/

4. Padres & Jóvenes Unidos. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http://padresunidos.org/about

5. Accomplishments. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://www.cadre-la.org/core/accomplishments/

6. The Campaign for Common Sense Discipline. (2014, April 18). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://voyceproject.org/campaigns/campaign-common-sense-discipline/

7. Youth. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://www.btchicago.org/youth

8. About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://www.poweru.org/index.php?page=about-us

9. VOYCE Announces Major Legislative Victory: SB 2793 has passed the Illinois legislature! – VOYCE Project. (2014, June 3). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://voyceproject.org/2014/06/03/voyce-announces-major-legislative-victory-sb-2793-passed-illinois-legislature/

10. Campaigns. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://caljustice.org/our-work/campaigns/

11. Pilisuk, M., McAllister, J., & Rothman, J. (1996). Coming Together For Action: The Challenge Of Contemporary Grassroots Community Organizing. Journal of Social Issues, 52(1), 15-37. Retrieved December 15, 2014, from http://www.sonoma.edu/users/w/warmotha/psychclasses/490/spring01/grassroots.html.

Websites:

1. Campaigns – VOYCE Project. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http://voyceproject.org/campaigns/

2. Ending the School-to-Prison Pipeline. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org/ending-school-to-prison-pipeline/

3. Mission and History. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.youth4justice.org/about-the-yjc/history

4. Campaigns. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://caljustice.org/our-work/campaigns/

5. Youth. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.btchicago.org/youth

6. About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.poweru.org/index.php?page=about-us

7. Organizing. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2014, from http://www.cadre-la.org/core/

8. End the School to Jail Track: Restorative Practices for Safe and Supportive Schools. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http://padresunidos.org/campaign/end-school-jail-track

9. Padres & Jóvenes Unidos. (n.d.). Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http://padresunidos.org/about

Social Media Advocates:

1. Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline: Movie. (n.d.). In Facebook [About page]. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/papercitymovie/info.

2. Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline: Movie. (n.d.). In Facebook [Timeline]. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/papercitymovie/timeline.

3. Urban Youth Justice. (n.d.). In Facebook [About page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/UrbanYouthJustice/info?tab=page_info.

4. StopSchooltoPrison [StopSTPP]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https://twitter.com/StopSTPP.

5. CNS [CNSPhilly}. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from https://twitter.com/CNSPhilly.

6. Kelly Turner [sympleequazion8]. (n.d.). About [Twitter Page]. Retrieved December 8, 2014 from https://twitter.com/sympleequazion8.

7. About Author Kelly Jermaine Turner. (2013, August 15). Retrieved December 8, 2014, from http://sympleequazion88.com/hello-world/

8. At Risk Youth: The School to Prison Pipeline. [atriskyouth-school2prison]. Posts [Tumblr Blog]. Retrieved December 8, 2014, from http://atriskyouth-school2prison.tumblr.com/.

9. Lansing School To Prison Pipeline Committee. (n.d.). In Facebook [Timeline]. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/pages/Lansing-School-To-Prison-Pipeline-Committee/191523131035898?sk=timeline.

10. Ohio Commission to Eliminate the School to Prison Pipeline. (n.d.). In Facebook [About]. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/SchooltoPrison/info?tab=page_info.

Practitioner-Oriented Articles:

1. Thompson, M. D. (2013). Rethinking our approach to SCHOOL DISCIPLINE. School Administrator, 70(7), 45-47. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bowdoin.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420574451?accountid=9681

2. A resource guide for improving school climate and discipline. (2014). The Education Digest, 79(8), 44-48. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bowdoin.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1511967939?accountid=9681

Peer-Reviewed Articles

1. Gage, N. A., Sugai, G., Lunde, K., & DeLoreto, L. (2013). Truancy and zero tolerance in high school: Does policy align with practice? Education & Treatment of Children, 36(2), 118-121; 132-136. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bowdoin.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1391911166?accountid=9681

2. Evans, K. R., & Lester, J. N. (2012). Zero tolerance: Moving the conversation forward. Intervention in School and Clinic, 48(2), 109-112. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.bowdoin.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1314317984?accountid=9681

The following article was not part of the synthesis, but was used in the introductory paragraph as a fact about zero tolerance policies:

3. American Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force. (2008). Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools? An evidentiary review and recommendations. American Psychologist, 63(9), 852. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.63.9.852

Images:

Header Image: [Education Not Incarceration Sign]. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 8, 2014 from https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/osa/pages/52/attachments/original/1394567328/decar1.jpg?1394567328.

1. Jail Bars. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.personalisedpromotions.com.au/product_images/uploaded_images/jail-bars-copy.jpg.

From Infographics Page(in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):

1. Nocella II, A. J. (Designer). (2013). Examining the School to Prison Pipeline [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from https://savethekidsnews.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/examining-the-school-to-prison-pipeline-2.jpg

2. Community Coalition. STPP Graphic. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 8, 2014 from http://www.suspensionstories.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/STPPgraphic.jpg.

From Websites Page (in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):

1. [Untitled photograph of two boys wearing VOYCE shirts]. Retrieved December 16, 2014
from http://voyceproject.org.

2. Mission Action. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://www.urbanyouthcollaborative.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Mission-Action-Photo.jpg.

3. YJC Home Header. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://www.youth4justice.org.

4. [Untitled photograph of students raising their fists]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://caljustice.org/our-work/.

5. [Untitled photograph of three women in prison uniforms]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://www.btchicago.org/youth.

6. Power U Center Logo. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://www.poweru.org/index.php?page=about-us.

7. CADRE Logo. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://www.cadre-la.org/core/.

8. Youth Rally Steps Crop. [Photograph]. Retrieved December 17, 2014 from http://padresunidos.org.

From Social Media Advocates Page(in chronological order according to how they appear on the page):

1. Paper City – Stop the School to Prison Pipeline (2014, June 10). This is a story about the American Dream in one of the nation’s arson capitals – in Holyoke, Massachusetts. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/papercitymovie/photos/a.533265733446852.1073741825.519220104851415/534627736643985/?type=1&theater.

2. Urban Youth Justice (2010, April 11). [Man and handcuffed boy in hallway]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/UrbanYouthJustice/photos/a.144693655567765.22233.104249336278864/108395699197561/?type=1&theater.

3. StopSchooltoPrison. [NC Action Camp Poster]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/StopSTPP.

4. CNSPhilly. [Youths holding Campaign For Nonviolent Schools Banner]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://twitter.com/CNSPhilly.

5. Kelly Turner. [Kelly Turner speaking into microphone]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/sympleequazion8.

6. atriskyouth. [Youth AT RISK]. [Online Image]. Retrieved from https://www.tumblr.com/search/atriskyouth.

7. Lansing School To Prison Pipeline Committee (2013, October 23). [Three boys wearing backpacks]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/191523131035898/photos/a.191523604369184.1073741825.191523131035898/191523611035850/?type=1&theater.

8. Ohio Coalition to Eliminate the School to Prison Pipeline (2013, October 23). [Women wearing red and holding school protest signs]. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/SchooltoPrison/photos/a.252016838281031.1073741825.252016168281098/252016844947697/?type=1&theater.