Category Archives: Dystopia

A Specter is Haunting Texas, by Fritz Leiber

In the bookshop, this book was barely discernible from the hoards of sci-fi  pulp common in the 60’s, the mention of the author earning a Hugo and a Nebula piqued my interest however. Fritz Leiber rang a bell in the back of my mind, and with the ridiculous sounding summary, evoking “Giant hormone-fed Texans”, which was hopefully indicating a satire. In addition this was a great copy from 1971, this book, on its 50th anniversary deserved a read.

Scully, or Christopher Crockett La Cruz. Hailing Circumluna, a space station populated by refugees that left earth when World War III broke out. Living in space has left Scully in an 8 foot tall exoskeleton. Even though of considerable size himself, he finds himself dwarfed by the supremacist hormone-fed Texan civilization that apparently emerged out of a nuclear WW3, even though they had been in secret control of the US since joining in 1845 (which assured survival in WW3). Unable to fulfill his initial mission of securing his family’s mining rights, Scully finds himself at the center of the revolution breaking out in the “Mexes”. Even though uninterested, he engages in the revolution for its value for him as an actor. This all occurs while he balances a romantic triangle, trying to find the woman he will return to Circumluna with.

Fritz Leiber’s novel is an example of satirical pulp science fiction. The book, as the cover suggests, falls into the romantic category pretty quickly as well with a love triangle being quickly established. The world-building is very interesting, but it remains soft science fiction, with technology just serving as a way for Leiber to establish the dystopian situation. At times, the political satire can feel dated, as it is strongly anchored historically, with direct mentions to figures like LBJ.

I will try to not spoil too much or those who are interested in reading the book. What I will say is that with how crass the terms, situations, and portrayals of Leiber can be in this book. Arguably racist at points, Leiber is definitely falling into some casual sexism, with no female characters passing the Bechdel Test. Leiber’s potential critique of anglo-supremacy, through the absurdity of the Texans, is at many points lost due to the unpalatable descriptions and stereotypes presented. Especially when Scully’ reason to oppose this whole slave-based system, its not an ideological opposition, he wants to act.

Under this context, one redeeming quality of this satire, could be to read beyond its critique of texans, and the American supremacy they represented. In this case, Leiber’s crass satire that is generally “too much”, as well as the lack of a real conclusion in the end of the novel, could point towards a more wide ranging meta critique of the genre. This meta critique might read too much into the purpose of this story however. More probably than not, it is a half baked satire, using the comedic license of the satirical genre to present racially charged unpalatable jokes.

If cyborg romance, 60’s political satire, and crazy names like Elmo Oil-Field, are in your essential list for any novel I would recommend reading this, if not looking for a life changing message. If you intend, to open an intricate social critique of 60’s American society, you wont find it here. As it stands within its genre, it is better written than other contemporary works, the Hugo seems justified. In the end one wonders whether Leiber took the comedic license a bit too far.

book cover

Work Cited:

Leiber, Fritz. A Specter Is Haunting Texas. New York: Bantam Books (reprint: Galaxy Science fiction, 1968), 1971.

A Clockwork Orange – Book Review

Blog Overlord Post #3

A Clockwork Orange is a name that is likely familiar with most of you, as it has been made famous by Stanley Kubrick’s 1971 film . I personally had never seen the movie when I stumbled upon this book in a small book/music shop in Peekskill, New York called “The Bruised Apple” (if you find yourself in that town, you should go!! If not for the books then for the records or the pinball machine). I decided this book, being rather short and well known, would be “a nice easy beach read for vacation!” So I bought it and boy… nie have I made a worse assumption!

A Clockwork Orange, the book, is written with roughly 10% of its contents in the completely made up words of the fictional language “Nadsat,” which are derived from Polish/Russian slang. This language is meant to display the odd mindset of the delinquent teens who are the center of story, and builds on one tenet I personally first encountered while reading Stranger in a Strange Land, but as a class we uncovered in The Octavia butler “Speech Sounds” introduction from WES: that being the “Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis” that one’s language determines how one thinks and acts in the world.

Here’s a blurb explaining some of Nadsat and its roots (I’m sorry it’s from Wikipedia but I printed a similar list from wikipedia while reading the book to decode some of the language that I had trouble grasping. I think its a good look into it for those who haven’t read this yet!):

“these terms have the following meanings in Nadsat:

droog (друг) = friend; moloko (молоко) = milk; gulliver (голова) = head; malchick (мальчик) or malchickiwick = boy; soomka (сумка) = sack or bag; Bog = God; horrorshow (хорошо) = good; prestoopnick (преступник) = criminal; rooker (рука) = hand; cal (кал) = crap; veck (“человек”) = man or guy; litso (лицо) = face; malenky(маленький) = little

( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(novel)#Use_of_slang )

The list goes on and on… The language is extensive.

As for the plot, our main character, Alex, and his “Droogs”, go about committing “ultra-violence” while under the influence of “moloko-plus” (milk with drugs) in a dystopian future version of London where adult society is cooped in their houses at night due to teenage gangs running the streets at night, until one day Alex gets arrested (I won’t say how) and his gang is busted. In jail he is selected as the first prisoner to be used in the “Ludovico Technique,” an operation that removes the urge to commit violence from the brain, but also eliminates choice from a human’s life — arguably making them inhuman. As the text puts it, “When a man cannot choose he ceases to be a man.” While the rest of the book is mostly just Dystopian Fiction, the “Ludovico Technique” element of the plot I think qualifies as sci-fi-esque at the very least. In the final chapters of the book we see how society reacts to the use of this technique, and how Alex’s life is drastically effected. We also see how Alex’s “Droogs” change over the time that he is in jail. Ultimately the book concludes with Alex regaining his ability to choose (again, I won’t say how), but you will have to read it yourself to see whether he chooses love or violence.

I thought this book was very jarring to read due to the graphic nature of violence, however the conversation it inspired between me and my friend who read it about how important choice is within human nature, and what being “a clockwork orange” means, was really engaging but I wouldn’t say fun. The books takes 3-6 hours to read I am so unsure of whether it was worth it but definitely cant say it wasn’t?  At the very most, it may be interesting to engage with the themes it brings up and to see the original text that Kubrick adapted if you have already seen the movie. However, don’t feel bad if you pass on this, and if you haven’t seen the movie don’t bother and don’t read this book if you wish to avoid work that imposes awful scenes on the reader.

This book was banned from several high schools in the 1970’s… and the Author himself wrote this of it.

“We all suffer from the popular desire to make the known notorious. The book I am best known for, or only known for, is a novel I am prepared to repudiate: written a quarter of a century ago, a jeu d’esprit knocked off for money in three weeks, it became known as the raw material for a film which seemed to glorify sex and violence. The film made it easy for readers of the book to misunderstand what it was about, and the misunderstanding will pursue me until I die. I should not have written the book because of this danger of misinterpretation.”

This being said, PLEASE do not read this if you are at all in a fragile or sad mind state. If you do read it, I suppose keep that Burgess quote in mind that he is NOT trying to glorify sex and violence, and try to get to the bottom of what his message is meant to be.

In short: I honestly couldn’t stop reading A Clockwork Orange due to wanting to know what happens to the main character in the end. I read it in two sittings, despite the fact that it was gruesome, and legitimately hard to read due to the extensive brutality throughout most scenes in this novel. It left me in a pensive but very dark mind state. Mainly I think I couldn’t stop reading because the made up language is creative and presents what I think is the only “fun” and oftentimes laugh-worthy aspect of this book. It does manage to provide humor amidst darkness, I must admit. The book also prompts philosophical discussion regarding choice and language that is worthwhile. I can’t quite recommend this but I can’t quite Dis-recommend it either. Overall: 5/10, so Toss a coin perhaps? Or just go for it if you have a draw towards the controversial and are in a good enough place to deal with 180 pages of pure evil bound together.

Welp, there you have it. A Clockwork Orange, folks!

TRIGGER WARNINGS BEFORE READING THE BOOK: Murder, Sexual Assault/Rape, Police Brutality:

Before reading this book it important to know that “ultra-violence” includes Murder, and Sexual Assault, and that police brutality is present in this book. The scenes of violence are extremely graphic, excessive, and frequent.

Burgess, Anthony. “A Clockwork Orange”. 1962.

 

The Influence of Science-Fiction on Radiohead’s Ok Computer

To preface this blog, Radiohead has been a huge influence on one genre of music I listened to growing up. They led me to discover Pink Floyd, The Beatles, Queen, and David Bowie among other great musicians. Their 1997 album Ok Computer is widely considered one of the best albums of all time, 5x platinum in the UK and double platinum in the US. Foremost, the title “Ok computer” was inspired by the BBC TV version of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy in which the character of Zaphod Beeblebrox says the line “Ok Computer”. There are no explicit mentions of computers on the album. In a similar way that “science” is emphasized in “science-fiction”, “OK Computer” is ultimately less about technology than submission- The pursuit of happiness has become less of a goal and more of a process.  

Thematically, the album depicts a world in which consumerism, social alienation, emotional isolation, and political malaise are all on the rise. On a larger scale, the band was world-building the idea that technology and society were moving too fast for their own good. Radiohead used unconventional production techniques at the time including “natural reverberation through recording on a staircase and no audio separation.” Much like some of the literary works in science fiction, the album’s vision of the future didn’t feel like some far-off imagined apocalyptic dystopia, but ‌rather a natural extension of the present from which it arises.  Here are the first three songs that have science-fiction elements!

 

  1. Airbag

“In an interstellar burst, I am back to save the universe”

This song deals with topics of world war, fear-mongering, reincarnation, and space explosions. However, in a more literal sense, the song is about awareness of the precociousness of life following a moment of avoiding an accident. An airbag is a technology that saves lives, and the song is about a feeling of rebirth and being happy to just be alive. The first song in the album sets a precedence for the science-fiction delivery of serious topics in the rest of the album!

 

2. Paranoid Android

“From all the unborn chicken, Voices in my head, What’s that?, (I may be paranoid, but not an android)”

Much like the title of the album, this song is a direct reference to The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. The song references Marvin the Paranoid Android, a robot who is always depressed because the infinite possibilities within his mind are wasted on repetitive, trivial activities. The line, in particular, illustrates that one true escape is in one’s own mind, while at the same time the song deals with the distancing of humans from technology.

3. Subterranean Homesick Alien

“Up above aliens hover, Making home movies for the folks back home”

In this song, the singer has seen the future, and that future was aliens creating drone porn for their civilization back home. Personally, I’ve always thought this song was more or less a metaphor for feeling a bit alienated with one’s own life, own society, and place in the world. This person wishes they could view the world from a different, fresh perspective (alien). This song made me think of the alien scene in H.G Well’s “The Star”

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