Green Hand Book Review: Shit Cassandra Saw by Gwen E. Kirby

The cover of Shit Cassandra Saw immediately caught my eye. It looks bright, modern, and unique. The short description of the book on the back cover reads “Margaret Atwood meets Buffy in these funny, warm, and furious stories of women at their breaking points, from Hellenic times to today”. I have really enjoyed the stories we have read written by women and about women’s experiences. I find feminist readings of science fiction fascinating, and this book sounded like a unique compilation of short stories written about women and written by a woman. 

The book consists of many short stories that all center around a female main character or characters, but vary significantly in content and message. Most of the stories ended up being fiction, but some are science fiction. My favorite of the short stories, which I will focus on for this post, is called “A Few Normal Things That Happen a Lot”. The story recounts the experiences of women being harassed by or fearful of men throughout their daily lives, but each one ends with a science fiction twist. Some women possess alien powers that make them unable to be bothered by these men, others gained superpowers from a radioactive cockroach bite or a surgical operation that gave them vampire teeth or werewolf claws. As women find out about these solutions to their fears, they gain popularity and society is turned upside down. New power dynamics and issues arise, leading to very different experiences.

This story is a mixture of hard and soft SF. It consists of details of technological innovation and alien phenomena, at one point even focusing on the lab work of two women. However, it also focuses on women’s experiences and addresses issues of patriarchal oppression. This focus on societal issues is more characteristic of soft SF. 

The style of writing is quirky, unpredictable, and fun! It is a very interesting read with engaging stories and themes throughout. I wish more of the stories had science fiction themes, but the fiction stories are fun as well. They range from light and playful to heavier in content and message.

I would definitely recommend this book.

Reviewer: Kate Fosburgh

Citation: Kirby, Gwen E. Shit Cassandra Saw. New York, Penguin Books, 2022.

 

Green Hand Review – The Book of Daniel

I chose this novel by E.L Doctorow thinking it would be a soft sci-fi story that deals with the issues related to the atomic bomb through the eyes of children. I was imagining something similar to the story “That Only a Mother” (Merril 1948), that I really enjoyed from the beginning of the semester. All of the reviews stated that it was a resonating book that would leave me “dazed and drained” (Chicago News). I am more interested in the softer sci fi stories we have read, and have especially liked those that critiqued the government or the country’s actions in some way so I was very excited to read this.

While I did very much enjoy the book, it didn’t contain really any elements of sci fi that we have encountered so far. I don’t think if I were to categorize this book I would put it in the sci fi genre at all. Though it’s not technically sci fi, The Book of Daniel does examine several of the same topics we have been discussing in regard to the short stories we have read.

The story follows Daniel, the son of two communists living in Brooklyn in the 1950s who were arrested and executed for espionage. They were (falsely?) accused of leaking secrets regarding the atomic bomb, leaving Daniel and his sister Susan to foster homes. The story has a non-traditional narrative that includes many time shifts, POV shifts (third person “Daniel” to first person “I” in the same sentences…very confusing), letters, news reports, and biblical passages. His parents’ story is told simultaneously as the story of Daniel’s present (1967), where he is in graduate school at Columbia with a wife and a young child.

Daniel models his own political views after his parents’ as he reveals his socialist/communist leanings. His disdain toward the government in the late 60s is evident (and understandable) after the death of his parents. The novel explores this impact through his storytelling but also through his sister’s life which is riddled with mental hospital visits and eventually ends with suicide. If anything, the book relates to sci fi stories we have read in the sense that it provides a historical critique of overbearing government actions through the lens of those indirectly impacted by it.

The story is very dark, and I would recommend it to people with that caveat in mind. There are several sexually explicit, violent, and triggering parts mixed with sometimes quite boring history of the communist party. I found it was a bit slow at times, but the narration style was super unique and kept me intrigued. It is said to be loosely based on the Rosenberg’s, a couple from the 50s who were arrested for spying for the Soviet Union. If anyone’s interested in this historical moment being told from a fictional (but not so science fictional) point of view, I would definitely recommend The Book of Daniel.

Full Citation: Doctorow, E. L., 1931-2015. 1971. The Book of Daniel. New York: Random House.

 

Green Hand Book: Speaker for the Dead (Orson Scott Card, 1986)

Card, O. S. (1986). Speaker for the Dead. Tor Books.

I had very fond memories of reading Card’s Ender’s Game as a pre-teen, so I was very excited to dive into the sequel, which also won the Nebula Award (1986) and the Hugo Award (1987). For those of you who’ve read Ender’s Game, this sequel is set about 3,000 years after a human starfleet under Ender’s direction essentially wiped out an advanced ant-like race of aliens known as the “Buggers” (more on that later). Humans have spread out across the galaxy in colonies, and Ender himself is only middle-aged because of frequent near-light speed travel between these colonies. Among most humans, he is now reviled throughout the galaxy as “Ender the Xenocide,” though few know that he is still alive and is also the founder of a popular religious movement which emphasizes candidly and empathetically speaking about those who have died. He is called to Lusitania, a Portugese Catholic colony planet, to “speak the deaths” of two Xenologists who have been inexplicably murdered by the “Piggies,” an otherwise amicable pig-like intelligent alien species native to the planet. Unlike Ender’s Game, this book is much more interested in questions of  xenobiology and religion than those of conquest or war. It ends up reading a bit like a detective story as Ender unravels the secrets of complex social and biological networks which Card has cleverly designed.
I’ve read online that Card, a Mormon, has a long history of homophobic remarks. While I don’t doubt these charges, I must admit that I find them hard to square with the compassion that exudes from this novel. Ender, the clear hero of this story, redeems himself from his near-genocide by restarting a community of the “Buggers” on Lusitania. He is at his best as he adeptly breaks through the skeptical walls of everyone from Catholic priests to Piggies to the ansible-distributed AI whom he considers his best friend. This is sophisticated science fiction written with a loving and wise touch. While its author is certainly flawed, I’d still strongly recommend this book, particularly if you enjoyed Ender’s Game.

MATH

Last week we had a little debate on whether math was created or discovered and I wanted to share a couple of my thoughts on this topic.

I am in favor of the idea that math is discovered rather than invented. I have a couple instances that I believe support this side of the argument. The example that most stands out to me is the existence of black holes. Until recently, I do not believe we had photographic evidence of black holes and yet through math we were able to know what they were and where they existed. We have been able to know that black holes exist and some of their properties through math. Basically, through our knowledge of math we were able to discover a new type of entity in space.

Another argument is that math all fits together so nicely. Math has been discovered over of thousands of years. There have not been any contradictions to math yet which seems unlikely. An example of this is the invention of calculus. Most people attribute calc with Newton, but it was actually invented by two different people at the same time. The other person, Leibniz, invented calc at the same time as Newton. The fact that these two came up with the same ideas at the same time and had no real contact with each other is insane. If math were invented as opposed to discovered I see no way they could have fabricated the same exact methods and formulae that make up calc.

Math is able to explain natural occurrences as well. This shows that math is able to describe the world around us. This makes it feel real and inherent as opposed to made up.

Another point is that math is closely related to the sciences. I believe (and could be wrong) that people accept science as being discovered instead of invented. Math is tied into the truths of sciences especially chem and physics.

To sum up, math seems too universally used and connected to too many truths and is tied together so well with itself to be made up and therefore for the examples I have listed above I believe that math is discovered.

Let me know what you think. I would love to hear support or counter arguments to this post.

Green Hand Book: Ray Bradbury, The Illustrated Man (1951)

Sophie Gold’s post

Bradbury, Ray. The Illustrated Man. 1951. Bantam Books, New York. 1951.

On our class trip to The Green Hand Bookshop in February, I picked up a copy of Ray Bradbury’s collection of interwoven short stories, The Illustrated Man. I was encouraged to do so by Michelle, the bookstore owner, as well as a few of my classmates who had previously read and loved the book. Additionally, having read Farenheit 451 (1953), The Martian Chronicles (1950), and, one of my favourite short stories of the course, “There Will Come Soft Rains” (1950), I was already familiar with and a fan of Bradbury’s writing style. The Illustrated Man is a series of 18 short stories observed by the unnamed narrator on the moving-tattooed skin of the Illustrated Man as he sleeps. These 18 stories, although linked together by the underlying narrative of the Illustrated Man, do not share a coherent theme. Despite Bradbury’s mention of some novum and advanced technology, I would categorize most of the works in this book as soft or psychological science fiction, many of which didn’t feel like science fiction stories until he reveals a small detail in passing, such as that the entire story takes place in space or that the characters have some future disease. However, throughout many of the stories, Bradbury’s mistrust of technology and concern about the continuation of technological innovation and implementation is evident. I think that my favourite thing about the book is the skillful way in which Bradbury somehow connects these 18 thematically and structurally different stories together to create one coherent narrative that is told through the unnamed observer’s fascination with the Illustrated Man’s tattoos. Moreover, for me, the most poignant story in the collection is “Kaleidescope”, in which he depicts the thoughts, emotions, regrets and hopes of a man falling through space to his inevitable death. Overall, Bradbury’s The Illustrated Man was a thought-provoking and enjoyable reading experience, as promised, that I recommend.

–Sophie Gold

Green Hand Book Post — MOON BASE (1964) by E.C. Tubb

I chose Moon Base (1964) by E.C. Tubb because the description on the back:

“Felix Larsen had been sent to Luna Station One to investigate ‘something odd on the Moon.’ There was no proof, not even a concrete basis for suspicion, yet there was a feeling so wrong about the place that Security had hinted of traitors.

On the first day at the sealed station beneath the Moon’s crust, Felix had become violently ill. He awoke from a drugged sleep with no memory of the intervening time lapse. Now he had to be doubly careful because his secret might be out, and somewhere in the station – or somewhere out there on the alien Moon itself – an unknown intelligence was waiting for the critical moment.”

seemed to encompass most of my favorite sf tropes. Knowing that Tubb was writing in the middle of the Cold War, the idea of a double conspiracy set in the bowels of the moon was very promising. Equally endearing was the “Cast of Characters” page, which offered vague but intriguing introductions to some of the characters (ex. “When a man tried to kill her, she laughed it off… he hadn’t succeeded, had he?”).

I’m a little disappointed to say that while Moon Base is far from unreadable, it isn’t the nuanced space-noir I thought it was. Looking into Tubb’s background, I can kind of understand why. He wrote hundreds of novels and short stories from the 1930s up until his death in 2010 (there are some posthumous releases, too) and was never recognized with, like, a Hugo or Nebula or anything like that. There’s very little information about Moon Base; all that I could gather was that it was one of Tubb’s rare standalone books and, according to The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, “comes as close to Hard SF as [he] was inclined to go.”

Moon Base is (mostly) hard sf and military sf. The story follows Felix Larsen, a spy who has been told he needs to go the Moon because he must investigate what amounts a bad vibe. In this post-space-race era of the Cold War, the four major superpowers – the United States, Great Britain, Russia, and China – have all established their own moon bases. There’s no trust between any of them, and they’re all armed. This is par for the course. While on the Moon, we see Felix adjust to life on the station while undercover. Issues include getting used to the low gravity, the quality of the food, and the uncanny nature of the station’s mini-society. He describes the latter:

It was, he thought a little like the hive of a colony of ants but without the sharp diversity of types to be found in either. There were men and women, all mature, all apparently-well adjusted. There were scientists and skilled technicians of both sexes. There were soldiers, again of both sexes, but, aside from the insignia on their coveralls, there was no way of telling military and non-military personnel apart. Social barriers simply did not exist.

And, to any psychologist, that was all wrong.”

This is an interesting passage because it lets someone who hasn’t read the book know exactly what its worst aspect is: its very, very in-your-face messaging straight from the author’s own tank of opinions. Tubb was a British man, and Brits, as a group, are really put on a pedestal here. A lot of this is because of the story’s military setting; lots of these characters are old British scientists, old British politicians, or old British space army officers. One character is named actually “Gloria Brittain.” Despite their presence at all levels of the British station, Tubb consistently diminishes Moon Base’s women characters and characters of color. The character introduction from above, for example, is for Shena Dawn, who is one of the five characters listed on that page. She appears for one chapter and does nothing besides almost be killed.

There’s a lot a did like about the book, though. It really started picking up steam plot-wise around the second half – there’s body horror, actual spywork, and an unexpected twist at the very end. And despite its heavy-handedness, I did like how it touched on national sovereignty, technological development, isolation, and radicalization. If you think that sounds like high praise given how much I’ve explained my disappointment, you’re right – none of these topics are presented with any subtlety, but they were unintentionally humorous enough to make me appreciate their inclusion.

I would recommend this book to people who anyone needs to waste two hours (in a good way). For someone who wrote hundreds of books and didn’t particularly care for anything he was writing about in this one, it’s a solid effort. Imagining it as a semi-decent b-movie while reading made for a more fulfilling experience.

Moon Base | E. C. Tubb | Pocketbook

Greek Mythology + Folklore + Scifi in a concept album

One of my long time favorite deeply indie bands is The Mechanisms, a British band best known for publishing outlandish concept albums that readapt traditional folk songs into futuristic settings.

One of my favorite of their albums is Ulysses Dies At Dawn a heist/cyberpunk noir story that leans heavily on Greek mythology. The album tells the story of a far future world where death has become impossible (and that’s not a good thing). When anyone dies, their brain is harvested and used for computer processing power in the city’s massive supercomputer called the Acheron. However, a group of criminals hired by a mysterious benefactor has been charged with opening Ulysses’ vault which is said to contain a weapon powerful enough to overthrow the system and bring down the Acheron.

Ulysses Dies At Dawn is a scifi heist retelling/readaptation of Greek mythology where the Olympians are rich elites who can afford to pay for medical treatments to keep them alive so they never have to have their brains harvested for the Acheron. The hero of the album is the jaded and traumatized Ulysses who vowed revenge on the Olympians after committing atrocities in their name during the equivalent of the Trojan War.

Also featured in the album are: Hades (overseer of the Acheron), Oedipus (a blind cyborg), Orpheus, and Heracles.

Although the recording quality is sometimes less that stellar, the lyrical complexity and the worldbuilding the Mechanisms manage to squeeze in to about an hour of music is absolutely amazing. Every album of theirs I’ve listened to I’ve ended up thinking about long after I finished and I always find something new each time I re-listen.

If a heist/cyberpunk noir retelling of Greek mythology isn’t up your alley, there’s also a Murder on the Orient Express-style mystery featuring the Norse gods and also cosmic horror. Or, alternatively, a wild west adventure that takes place on a massive space station rapidly falling out of orbit into a star.

If you’re interested, here’s one of my favorite stand-alone songs from Ulysses Dies at Dawn and a link to their spotify page!

 

Star Trek and non-biological beings and souls oh my!

Hi guys, resident Trekkie here! I kept thinking about Star Trek in class yesterday (like I usually do) because the intersection of robots/androids/non-biological beings, religion and who has a soul is often explored so I thought I’d share some examples I thought of!

In TOS episode “The Ultimate Computer” the M5 super computer believes in God and ultimately cuts its own power after determining for itself it has committed grave sins and does not deserve to live.

Throughout TNG series they repeatedly explore and question the nature of the android Data’s existence. The episode “The Measure of a Man” is focused on whether or not Data is a sentient being, does he have autonomy with rights and does he have a soul? The crew of the enterprise and the audience would definitely say yes due to our emotional connection to him.

In Voyager, the ship doctor is a hologram and as the series progresses he seems to become a sentient being. Similar with Data in TNG, the nature of The Doctor’s sentience is continually called into question and explored. Is he owned by Starfleet or is he an autonomous lifeform? By the end of the series it appears very clear, at least to the crew of Voyager (and me), that The Doctor is a sentient being. The series eventually creates the category of “photonic lifeforms” which includes sentient holograms such as The Doctor. The distinction between sentient holograms and non-sentient holograms is also explored. In connection with today’s class, the relationship between religion and holograms is specifically explored in the episode “Flesh and Blood” where other sentient holograms are religious radicals in a way and rise up against their biological creators. Their leader considers himself a prophet and even creates a new religion for his fellow “Children of Light”. Their religious zealousness and crusade for freedom is so human that it serves to reinforce the sentience of these photonic lifeforms.

The question of what is a soul and who has one is often explored in Science Fiction. These explorations of the nature of sentient existence shake us out of binary thinking and leave us to ponder what other forms life can take on. Who are we to dictate who has a soul?

Star Trek characters The Doctor (blue: a sentient hologram) and Data (yellow: a sentient android).

Research on Women in SciFi

Blog Overlord Post #4: Statistics on the visibility of Women in SciFi

Here is the beginning of some research that I am doing in which I have compiled the names listed across various rankings of “Best SciFi Authors” in an attempt to gain insight into how the public views the Female authors of Science Fiction. Ill put the data that I have so far below. Overall I’ve found that amongst internet rankings Women make up about 9% of the spots on “Best Sci Fi Authors of all time” lists. This is disproportionately small to the fact that 15% of all Sci Fi writers are estimated to have been Female (Lisa Yaszek, “The Future is Female” Introduction). This 9% figure is also extremely small to the percentage of women that have been named Grandmasters of Science Fiction by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. Of the 38 recipients of this prestigious award, 9 have been women, which amounts to 24% (Andre Norton (1983) Ursula K. Le Guin (2002) Anne McCaffrey (2004) Connie Willis (2011) C.J. Cherryh (2015) Jane Yolen (2016) Lois McMaster Bujold (2019) Nalo Hopkinson (2020)    Mercedes Lackey (2021)).My final project will look into some of the history of Science fiction and venture into why these discrepancies occur.

Overview of my findings so far:

Total in Lists 117
Count of Men’s Mentions 106 90.60%
Count of Women’s Mentions 11 9.40%
Average Birth of Men 1926.8
Average Publication of Men 1966.7
Average Birth of Women 1913.9
Average Publication of Women 1953.3
Excluding Shelley Birth 1933.3
Excluding Shelley Publication 1973.2

Amount of Women included in Each List used:

Total In List Women in List
10 1
10 0
8 1
36 4 https://www.ranker.com/crowdranked-list/greatest-science-fiction-authors-v1
17 3
36 2

 

A full list of names is included in this Spreadsheet, and it might also work as a good sci-fi book rec list! Albeit a bit too heavy on Male authors: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-4ODpeW2F3W8z-xou1Lj_dJ_Chu4-04i3OlIVwal5c0/edit

Cheers,

SB

1984 in 2022

There is a rich history of science fictional novums crossing into the real world, though we’re still waiting on time travel.

I read this article in the Atlantic (https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/09/china-ai-surveillance/614197/) as part of a Government seminar paper I’m writing on the fusion of AI and authoritarianism, and I couldn’t help but remark at Orwellian-ness of this vision that Xi’s pursuing.  Consider this passage: “[Xi] wants to build an all-seeing digital system of social control, patrolled by precog algorithms that identify potential dissenters in real time.” To Orwell, the idea that smart cameras could constantly monitor even slight displays of dissent was mostly a convenient allegory for Stalinist surveillance regimes. Yet with “hundreds of millions of surveillance cameras in place” already and facial recognition AI that claims to identify emotions, the future seems to be here already. There’s also pervasive surveillance of the internet, financial transactions, and even “Spy Bird” drones that look like doves swooping over cities! China hasn’t fully integrated all of these data streams yet, but there seem to be no major boundaries in their way to doing so, as China’s fusion of a productive tech sector and legal disregard for personal privacy make it a fertile ground for these kind of developments (particularly in Xinjiang as part of the genocide against the Uighur people). Is the the future of autocracy? Can it be countered? Perhaps we should all re-read 1984 or rewatch Black Mirror for some guidance.

P.S. I love the original gifs and artwork by Jonathan Djob Nkondo that accompanies this piece in the Atlantic. I attached one above, but I recommend that everyone checks all of them out!